e0733649-1840-42fa-bc6d-4a189673bffc Forgings for Defense Applications National Defense/ Government Contract Trusted Supplier Defense applications require mission-critical components that deliver strength, durability and reliability under extreme conditions. Scot Forge produces open-die forgings and rolled rings for defense programs supporting land, naval and weapons systems. Our forging capabilities support specialty alloys, large cross sections and tight mechanical property requirements. With in-house metallurgical expertise and testing capabilities, Scot Forge delivers forgings that meet strict defense quality and documentation standards. So, when you need to procure unique shapes or achieve difficult mechanical properties to satisfy a government contract, our team can help envision new ways to forge unconventional geometries (which may have previously been considered impossible), work with a partner who will continuously demonstrate the commitment to surpassing your needs. As an extension of your team, we provide a dedicated account team that has the knowledge and experience of our forge development team and metallurgists. We provide high-strength metal components for defense applications while meeting the most stringent requirements, including the standards of: AS9100:2016 Certified ISO 9001:2015 Certified DDTC Registered ITAR Registered SAM Registered QUALTY ASSURANCE CASTING CONVERSIONS Forging Mining Components Main shafts for crusher applications Large hydraulic cylinders Front and rear spindles/frames Parts for rope shovels and drag lines Seamless rolled rings, rims, center hubs, sleeves, doughnuts, gear blanks, bull gears and pancake forgings Research & Development Area Focus Small Modular Reactors Fusion Reactors Semiconductor Pharmacuetical Forged Parts For R&D Complex shape forgings Seamless rolled rings for magnets Sound-center Rods Forged cones Forged octagons Forged hexagons Forged Shipbuilding Components ABS shafts/bars Propeller, tail and drive shafts Rudder stock, upper vertical, lower vertical shafts and pintle pins Line, intermediate, main and stub shafts Controllable and variable pitch shafts Flanged torque shafts Input shafts Hollow marine tubing Strut barrel Bearing housing Stern tube Rudder tube Shaft couplings Marine machinery parts ABS gear blanks Shaft couplings Marine winch components Engine mounting rings Clutch rings Torch cut parts (without tooling or pattern charges) Tiller arms Strut assembly parts Forged Parts for Aerospace We have invested in both the raw material and technical expertise to provide components you can count on. Scot Forge has a variety of aircraft quality ferrous and nonferrous materials on hand, including AMS 2301, AMS 2304 and Inconel 718. No matter what forged part you need for your aerospace application, such as aerospace fittings forgings, Scot Forge has you covered Rockets, Structural: Adapter structures, bulkheads, payload adapters, separation rings, barrels, cones, ESPA rings, y-rings, rideshare structures, 5.5m rings, 8.4m ring segments Rockets, Propulsion: Closures, chamber forgings, liners, domes, nozzles, thrust cones, fuel sumps Capsule / ISS: Bulkheads, tunnels, LIDS adapters, deck forgings, docking adapters Commercial Spacecraft: Flanges, valves, injector plates, case forgings, interfaces, liners, thrust cones Missiles: Cylinders, case forgings, frustums, interstage forgings, nozzles, shells, shrouds, cones, tubes Aircraft, Fixed-Wing: Inlet attach rings, engine attach rings, adapters, bellmouth adapters, brake calipers, turbine cases, column structures, pylons, inlet case assemblies, propeller hubs, inlet adapters, landing gear axles, landing gear cylinders, landing gear drag braces, transmission ring gears Aircraft, Rotorcraft: Planetary gear forgings, swashplates, transmission forgings, transmission ring gears Forged Copper Casting Wheel Components Forged Copper Casting Wheels ZC-1™ from 40 in. to 144 in. O.D. weighing up to 10,000 lbs. Drum Mixers: tubes, hollows, gears, bearings Dam Blocks – for bar casting machines forged from C18000 or C18150 Rod System Rolls – forged from 8 in. to 24 in. O.D. in H-13 high-strength tool steel Chrome Zirconium Copper ZC-1™ is a high purity, precipitation-hardenable alloy containing controlled quantities of zirconium and chromium. This alloy possesses high strength, excellent conductivity and a high softening temperature ideal for casting wheels. Forged Defense Components Our Quality Assurance Program can provide complex review and Level I certification for all your components. This allows us to produce unconventional near-net shape forgings for several of the United States’ most critical defense programs and applications, including (but not limited to): Columbia Class Submarines Virginia Class Submarines Seawolf Class Submarines Los Angeles Class Submarines M1 Abrams Tank Nimitz Class Aircraft Carriers Ford Class Aircraft Carriers Arleigh Burke Class Destroyers Zumwalt Class Destroyers Wasp Class Landing Helicopter Dock Ships America Class Landing Helicopter Assault Ships San Antonio Class Landing Platform Dock Ships Bradley Fighting Vehicle Wheeled Tactical Vehicles Hard Target Penetrators AAM, AGM, SSM and SAM Missiles Nuclear Ordnance Ground Based Strategic Deterrent Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicles Military Aircraft (fixed-wing and rotorcraft) Forged Gear Parts Single and double hubs Gear blanks Seamless rolled rings Couplings Flanges Pinion shafts Step-downs Spindles Forged bar Common Forged Geometries: Spurs Helicals Herringbones (double-helical) Bevel gears Hypoids Worm gears Sprirods Rack and pinion Heavy Industrial Equipment Near-Net Shape Forgings Eccentric shafts Shafts Hollow tubes Blind end cylinders Large flange end cylinders Torch cut plates, eye bolts and other configurations Petrochemical and Refinement Component Design The Scot Forge Oil & Gas Services Team, paired with the expertise of our in-house metallurgists, are here to help you design and manufacture components that you can rely on, under even the harshest of conditions including pressure and caustic chemicals. Our decades of experience, along with the time-tested relationships we have built with finishing shops, gives us the ability to help you reduce your material costs and supply chain needs. Oil & Gas Forged Components Riser, keel and stress joints Kelly mandrels, reamer bodies Bails Tension rings Casing hangers WYE blocks Custom flanges Pinions and bull gears Pump bodies Ram and annular blowout preventers (bodies, doors/bonnets) CONTROLLED QUALITY TO KEEPING PRODUCTION MOVING The front-end-of-the-line (FEOL) portion of semiconductor machine manufacturing, for deposition and etching semiconductors, requires production equipment that must withstand consistent, high-pressure compression and perform as expected every time. Therefore, the quality and reliability of the components that make up production equipment are vital. At Scot Forge, we are familiar with the technical specifications, fixed processes and change control requirements of the semiconductor equipment manufacturing sector, creating near-net-shape forgings to keep your production line moving. As a certified supplier in quality and change control, with fixed processes, we provide clear communications on everything from order status to accurate certification and milestone achievements. We are ready to assist you in meeting your design challenges and program objectives with material saving cost-reducing solutions. Forgings For Semiconductor Manufacturing Rings Process Chambers Transfer Chambers Vacuum Chambers Pedestals Covers Shells Materials For Semiconductor Manufacturing 6061 – Aluminum 316SS & 304SS – Stainless Steel Extensive Inventory and Forging Expertise At Scot Forge, our extensive material inventory, production capabilities and experienced technical support combine to help meet your most demanding requirements. Our technically trained account managers possess experience working to ASTM A668, ASTM A291 and other various AREMA , AASHTO and DOT requirements. We understand the importance of short lead times and breakdown services, too. Forgings For Road & Highway Improvement Cement Manufacturing From the quarry to the kiln, Scot Forge delivers the metal components needed to keep your plant grinding. Asphalt Production We manufacture forgings to keep production moving from mixing to installation. Forgings For Renewable Power Infrastructure Renewable Energy We manufacture forgings to help reach net-zero. Energy Storage We manufacture forgings to create a reliable power grid. Expect Only The Best With the Scot Forge Defense Services Team, a trusted defense forged parts supplier, offers military specification steel materials including: MIL-S 23284CL1 MIL-S 23284CL2 Reasons To Choose Scot Forge For Forged Subsea Components Dedicated Technical Experts Who Have Served the Industry for Decades Our technically trained Oil & Gas Services Team, backed by our forging development and world-class metallurgists, work hand-in -hand with your team to provide the support you need to keep rigs, and downstream processes, running. We strive for product and process improvements that reduce supply chain needs, increase speed to market and solve the biggest problems. We understand your need for a supplier with expert knowledge of your industry and your specific component requirements. Scot Forge’s Oil & Gas Services Team will assist you in meeting your design challenges and program objectives with clear communications from order status to milestone achievements. Our Time-Tested Reliability At Scot Forge, we constantly monitor the progress of production orders to provide the highest level of delivery reliability and communication. From initial contact to part delivery, your forgings will be attended to by experts who provide world-class project management and care about your program as much as you do. From challenging, job-specific hardware to full-scale production runs, we've got you covered! Additionally, our scheduling system and abundant manufacturing capacity allow for daily entry of emergency orders for immediate production in rush or breakdown situations. Our High-Volume and Targeted Inventory We maintain an extensive inventory of material commonly used for oil and gas applications, including 8630, F22, 4130, 4330V, and various other modified grades tailored to meet API and customer-specific requirements. We have extensive experience working with carbon, alloy, stainless steel (austenitic, martensitic, duplex, super duplex and PH grades), copper base, nickel base, aluminum and titanium. This ready inventory and experience eliminate many of the delays associated with order processing. So you get the exact material you need when you need it. Accreditations and Compliance In addition to the ISO 9001:2015, AS9100D , we are certified to AS9100D and Nadcap, for NDE and heat treatment. When specified by contract, we can meet virtually any custom open die or rolled ring forging requirement. The Scot Forge Oil & Gas Services Team is well-versed in pre-and post-award requirements, from material process plans to NDE procedures and inspection test plans. Our experience working with third-party agencies and quality auditors ensures your certification is complete, accurate and on time. Due to years of experience working directly with ABS, our knowledge and understanding of the industry's specifications are unmatched. Additionally, we hold special process approvals from many of the world's premier Oil & Gas companies. We Are There When You Need Us for Oil & Gas Components At Scot Forge, we understand that your industry and market conditions are constantly changing. With more demanding and complex requirements, we know that partnering with your company means more than just the occasional phone call. Scot Forge has dozens of sales engineers and representative experts throughout the world ready to learn more about your project face to face. QUESTIONS? CONTACT A FORGING EXPERT Reasons To Choose Scot Forge No Hidden, Pass-Through Fees ABS, DNV-GL and Lloyd's Register Approved Our long-standing relationships with third-party agencies ensure your certification is complete, accurate and on time. Due to years of experience working directly with ABS, our knowledge and understanding of the industry's specifications are unmatched. Certification requirements beyond ISO: 9001:2015 must be specified in your contract. Vast Materials Inventory We maintain an extensive inventory of ferrous and non-ferrous materials including 17-4 stainless tail shafting grades, and nitronic, super duplex, and super austenitic grades such as Ferralium® 225, Hiduron® 191, and UNS S31254. From vacuum degassed air melt to ESR or VAR cleanliness levels, our forgings are supplied using the highest-quality material available. This ready inventory eliminates many of the delays associated with order processing, allowing for shorter lead times and quick reaction to market changes. Fast Delivery and Breakdown Services At Scot Forge, we understand the importance of on-time delivery. In critical circumstances, reduced lead times can be offered for breakdown and emergency orders in need of immediate production response. Flexible Sizes, Shapes and Quantities No matter the grade of material or shape and size of the part, our facilities are designed to support both single-piece and high-volume manufacturing. Utilizing our vast inventory of loose tooling and torch cut capabilities, we are able to reduce stock, which improves mechanical capabilities, lowers cost and limits additional machining. Knowledgeable Sales Engineers With a dedicated account manager for each customer, you know who to contact when in need of a fast turnaround on a quote. Our technically trained staff, backed by our metallurgical engineers and forging experts, can provide you with the support you need to get your ship back in service. QUESTIONS? CONTACT A FORGING EXPERT Reasons To Choose Scot Forge FAST DELIVERY AND BREAKDOWN SERVICES At Scot Forge, we understand the importance of on-time delivery. In critical circumstances, reduced lead times can be offered for breakdown and emergency orders in need of immediate production response. A VAST INVENTROY OF MATERIALS We maintain an extensive inventory of ferrous and non-ferrous materials commonly used for infrastructure applications. Along with our ability to certify grades of ASTM A291 and ASTM A668, this ready inventory eliminates many of the delays associated with order processing, allowing for shorter lead times and quick reaction to market changes. FLEXIBLE SIZES, SHAPES AND QUANTITIES No matter the grade of material or shape and size of the part, our facilities are designed to support both single-piece and high-volume manufacturing. Whether you need trunnions, pinions or rack/track segments, we will expertly certify your order under our accredited Quality Assurance Program. TECHNICAL SERVICES Our technically trained staff, backed by our metallurgical engineers and forging experts, can lend our experience and ensure delivery reliability. Our team has a complete understanding of DOT, Army Corps of Engineers and civil engineering specifications. QUESTIONS? CONTACT A FORGING EXPERT Reasons To Choose Scot Forge for Copper Casting Wheels Longest Service Life Unique thermomechanical processing by Scot Forge produces wheels with: High yield strength Excellent ductility Improved fatigue strength Improved resistance to thermal cracking These results add up to wheels with the longest service life available in the industry. Predictable, Repeatable Quality Tightly controlled material chemistries, advanced rolling techniques, and precise production and quality control parameters yield casting wheels with constant, repeatable quality. Emergency Response Our technical sales account managers and industry specialists know that in times of unplanned outages or critical situations, thousands—if not millions—of dollars can be lost each day. For this purpose, we have established an emergency response program which allows for daily entry of breakdown and rush orders for immediate production response. A Vast Inventory of Materials Scot Forge maintains an extensive inventory of casting wheel-specific grades in ferrous and non-ferrous material s such as Chrome Zirconium Copper (CrZrCu) and Silver Copper (AgCu) for immediate production response, including C18150, C18200 and C18000. No matter the grade of material or shape and size of the part, our facilities are designed to support both single-piece and high-volume manufacturing using the highest-quality material available. World-Class Program Management Our industry specialists are ready to assist you in meeting your design challenges and program objectives with clear communications on everything from order status to accurate certification and milestone achievements. QUESTIONS? CONTACT A FORGING EXPERT Reasons To Choose Scot Forge Vast Inventory of Materials and Tools We maintain an extensive inventory of gear-quality alloys including through hardening, carburizing and bearing-quality grades. This ready inventory eliminates many of the delays associated with order processing, allowing for shorter lead times and quick reaction to market changes. Fast Delivery and Breakdown Services At Scot Forge, we understand the importance of on-time delivery, so we strive to deliver parts on (or before) your delivery date. In critical circumstances, reduced lead times can be offered for breakdown and emergency orders in need of immediate production response. Flexible Sizes, Shapes and Quantities No matter the grade of material or shape and size of the part, our facilities are designed to support both single-piece and high-volume manufacturing. Whether you need single or double hub forgings, rings, gear blanks, trunnions, hollow cores or custom shapes, we will expertly certify your order under our accredited Quality Assurance Program. Near-Net Shapes from Thousands of Tools Combining our forging process with our vast inventory of loose tooling and torch cut capabilities, we can produce parts closer to net shape with forged-in instead of machined-in steps, tapers and I.D./O.D. dimensions. Not only does this reduce stock, but it also limits additional machining and improves mechanical capabilities. Fast Quotes Our knowledgeable technical sales team is ready to consult with you and provide fast quotes based on your needs. QUESTIONS? CONTACT A FORGING EXPERT Reasons To Choose Scot Forge Vast Inventory For Shorter Lead Times We maintain a ready inventory of and quick access to carbon, alloy, stainless steel, aluminum, magnesium, nickel, titanium and copper-based materials. Whether you are planning for cryogenic or high-temperature applications, our knowledge and experience working with specialty grades will ensure optimal program performance. Flexible Sizes, Shapes and Quantities Our facilities are designed to support both single-piece and high-volume manufacturing. From hand-held components to ultra-large forgings, Scot Forge delivers. Personal Interest & Proven Track Record At Scot Forge, we get a great deal of satisfaction in supporting science and education and genuinely enjoy the unique challenges associated with research projects. Our long-standing relationship with the United States National Laboratory network has proven to be both rewarding and inspiring and help develop some of our newest technology. The Most Modern Open-Die Forging Facility in North America Each year, Scot Forge reinvests millions of dollars into our facilities, keeping us on the cutting edge of metal shaping technology. This provides process improvements for existing capabilities and breakthroughs into new metalworking methods and markets. Certified to ISO 9001:2008, AS9100D and Nadcap In addition to the ISO: 9001:2015 standard , we are certified to AS9100D and Nadcap, for NDE and heat treat. When specified by contract, we can meet virtually any custom open die or rolled ring forging requirement. Additionally, we hold special process approvals from many of the world's premier manufacturing companies. QUESTIONS? CONTACT A FORGING EXPERT Reasons To Choose Scot Forge Fast Delivery and Breakdown Services At Scot Forge, we understand the importance of on-time delivery. In critical circumstances, reduced lead times can be offered for breakdown and emergency orders in need of immediate production response. A Vast Inventory of Materials We maintain an extensive inventory of ferrous and non-ferrous materials commonly used for infrastructure applications. Along with our ability to certify grades of ASTM A291 and ASTM A668, this ready inventory eliminates many of the delays associated with order processing, allowing for shorter lead times and quick reaction to market changes. Flexible Sizes, Shapes and Quantities No matter the grade of material or shape and size of the part, our facilities are designed to support both single-piece and high-volume manufacturing. Whether you need trunnions, pinions or rack/track segments, we will expertly certify your order under our accredited Quality Assurance Program. Technical Services Our technically trained staff, backed by our metallurgical engineers and forging experts, can lend our experience and ensure delivery reliability. Our team has a complete understanding of DOT, Army Corps of Engineers and civil engineering specifications. QUESTIONS? CONTACT A FORGING EXPERT Reasons To Choose Scot Forge Large Casting or Fabrication Conversions We have a long and successful track record of partnering with OEMs to convert large casting or fabrications into one-piece forgings in order to improve quality, reduce warranty costs, enhance the end-use-customer experience and reduce cost. Near-Net Shapes and Customized Quantities Our semi-closed die processing allows for near net shape forgings that support both single-piece and high-volume manufacturing. This enables us to reduce stock, which limits additional machining and improves mechanical capabilities. A Vast Inventory of Materials We are the largest user of ingots for the mining industry and maintain an extensive inventory of ferrous and non-ferrous materials commonly used for mining applications including carbon, alloy, stainless steel and other specialty grades. This ready inventory eliminates many of the delays associated with order processing, allowing for shorter lead times and quick reaction to market changes. Additionally, quick acquisition of custom-made and remelt materials is available if needed. Value-Added & Tier 1 Finished Complete Options By providing single-source responsibility, we can prevent many of the delays and quality problems that often arise from using multiple suppliers. Fast Delivery and Breakdown Services At Scot Forge, we understand the importance of on-time delivery, so we strive to deliver parts on (or before) your delivery date. In critical circumstances, reduced lead times can be offered for breakdown and emergency orders in need of immediate production response. QUESTIONS? CONTACT A FORGING EXPERT Reasons To Choose Scot Forge Dedicated technical expertise We understand your need for a supplier with expert knowledge of flight, space and industry requirements. Our Scot Forge Aerospace Services Team offers design collaboration and is ready to assist you in overcoming your design challenges while achieving program objectives with clear communications on everything from order status to milestone achievements. First article development capabilities At Scot Forge, we excel at managing developmental projects. Our thorough contract review, risk assessment and advanced planning and scheduling ensure reliable execution on every order. Consider us an extension of your own program team. Ongoing requirements reliability We constantly monitor the progress of production orders to provide the highest level of delivery reliability. From challenging, mission-specific hardware to full-scale production runs, we've got you covered. Flexible sizes, shapes and quantities Our facilities are designed to support both single-piece and high-volume manufacturing. A state-of-the-art ring stretcher and drop bottom furnace can provide rolled rings up to 252" diameter. From hand-held components to ultra-large forgings, Scot Forge is the answer. Accreditations Certified to AS9100D, and Nadcap for NDE and heat treat, we can provide virtually any custom open die or rolled ring forging. Additionally, we hold special process approvals from many of the world's premier aerospace companies. QUESTIONS? CONTACT A FORGING EXPERT Related Literature Scot Forge: NASA’s Spaceflight Partner In the December 2014 issue, NASA profiles Scot Forge of Spring Grove, Illinois for the company's involvement in creating the largest rocket ever built for human space exploration. NASA’s Curiosity Lands on Mars. Scot Forge provides traction History was made at 12:31am Monday, August 5th, 2012 on the fourth planet in this solar system as NASA’s Mars Science Laboratory rover Curiosity descended to a picture-perfect rocket-guided and slowed descent to a gentle, wheels-first, sky crane touchdown on the surface of the Red Planet. Forging takes flight – Space travel is redefined SpaceDev (Poway, CA) and Scot Forge worked together to make the dream of private space flight a reality, moving quickly from drawing board to launching pad. Reasons To Choose Scot Forge Forging Capabilities Combined with Value Engineering We can develop near-net shaped solutions to meet your drawing requirements. Our vast forging capabilities enable us to reduce forged section sizes and improve mechanical properties. Fast Quotes and Personalized Service We understand your need for a supplier with expert knowledge of your industry and your specific component requirements. Our knowledgeable technical sales team is ready to consult with you and provide fast quotes based on your needs. We strive to assist you in meeting your design challenges and program objectives with clear communications from order status to milestone achievements. On-time Delivery During a rebuild, you never know what you may find. We have a fully staffed department dedicated to tracking and maintaining high on-time delivery performance. In crucial circumstances, reduced lead times can be offered for breakdown and emergency orders in need of immediate production response to get items out of the critical path. QUESTIONS? CONTACT A FORGING EXPERT Reasons To Choose Scot Forge Improve Cost-Effectiveness of Components Our technically trained sales team, backed by metallurgists and forging experts, work with you to create a near-net-shape forging that will reduce starting stock and improve lead times. Predictable, Repeatable Quality Tightly controlled material chemistry, advanced rolling techniques and precise production and quality control parameters yield forgings with constant, repeatable quality. Dedicated Technical Expertise Our industry specialists are ready to assist you in meeting your design challenges and program objectives, working as an extension of your team from quote to delivery. Flexible Sizes, Shapes and Quantities No matter the grade of material or shape and size of the part, our facilities are designed to support both single-piece and high-volume manufacturing. Our technically trained sales staff, backed by our metallurgical engineers and forging experts, will work with you to discover ways to achieve your desired shape while reducing starting stock. Reasons To Choose Scot Forge Dedicated Technical Expertise Our technically trained Defense Services Team, backed by our metallurgists and forging experts, work with you to discover ways to reduce long-term costs and improve lead times. Our industry specialists are ready to assist you in meeting your design challenges, including redesigning cast or fabricated parts, and program objectives with clear communications on everything from order status to accurate certification and milestone achievements. Fast Delivery and Breakdown Services At Scot Forge, we understand the importance of on-time delivery, maintaining your build schedule. In critical circumstances, reduced lead times can be offered for breakdown and emergency orders in need of immediate production response. A Vast Inventory of Materials We maintain an extensive inventory of ferrous and non-ferrous materials for the defense sector. From vacuum degassed air melt to ESR or VAR cleanliness levels, forgings are supplied using the highest-quality material available. Defense application-specific grades include HY-80, HY-100, N04400, N05500, N06625, 6-4 Titanium, CP Grade 2 Titanium, C63200, C71500 and custom-melt alloys that meet OEM specifications. This ready inventory eliminates many of the delays associated with order processing, allowing for shorter lead times and quick reaction to market changes. Flexible Sizes, Shapes and Quantities No matter the grade of material or shape and size of the part, our facilities are designed to support both single-piece and high-volume manufacturing. Whether you need bomb bodies, forgings for submarines, surface warship components, missile tubes or reactor parts, we will expertly certify your order under our accredited Quality Assurance Program. Scot Forge Difference At Scot Forge, we know the importance of getting your parts on-time, as expected. However, for customers new to procuring forgings, ordering a forging that will meet all specifications for end-use applications may be a challenge, which is why finding a trusted supplier and partner is essential. Our employee-owners are here to ensure your project stays on track with our forgings by offering: Forge Design & Engineering Guidance Finished Machining Options Metallurgical Review, NDE & Destructive Testing Forged Products We offer many size forgings in both standard and unique geometries to meet your needs. Complex Shapes Bars Step Shafts, Eccentric Shafts & Rotor Shafts Hollows Hubs & Tooled Forgings Semi-Closed Die Discs & Blanks Pro Tip - Did you know near-net shapes can save you time and money? Oftentimes, a customer calls to order a disc, which they will later machine down to a more shaped part. By working with our technically trained sales team, you can get your finished product shape as close as possible to optimize your production process. We can help you today! Name* Phone Number* Company* Email* State/Country* Comment/Request* File upload Upload File NOTE: Please do not upload sensitive documents. For a secure file transfer please call 800-435-6621. Submit

Hardness Conversion & Alloy Charts Approximate hardness conversion for non-austenitic steels.* BRINELL ROCKWELL VICKERS KNOOP Indentation Dia. (mm) HBW 10/3000 HRC HRB HV (HRC range) HV (HRB range) HK (HRC range) HK (HRB range) Ultimate Tensile Strength (ksi) 2.45 627 58.6 - 664 - 703 - 346.2 2.5 601 57.3 - 638 - 677 - 328.9 2.55 578 56.1 - 615 - 652 - 313.7 2.6 555 54.8 - 591 - 627 - 298.4 2.65 534 53.5 - 569 - 603 - 287.5 2.7 514 52.2 - 548 - 579 - 274.5 2.75 495 50.9 - 528 - 556 - 263.4 2.8 477 49.6 - 508 - 533 - 251.8 2.85 461 48.3 - 491 - 513 - 241.7 2.9 444 46.9 - 472 - 492 - 230.4 2.95 429 45.7 - 456 - 474 - 219.8 3 415 44.4 - 440 - 456 - 211.5 3.05 401 43.1 - 425 - 439 - 201.8 3.1 388 41.8 - 411 - 424 - 192.7 3.15 375 40.5 - 397 - 408 - 184.4 3.2 363 39.3 - 383 - 394 - 177.6 3.25 352 38.1 - 372 - 382 - 170.4 3.3 341 36.8 - 360 - 369 - 164.1 3.35 331 35.7 - 349 - 358 - 158.2 3.4 321 34.4 - 338 - 347 - 153 3.45 311 33 - 327 - 334 - 149 3.5 302 32 - 318 - 327 - 146.3 3.55 293 30.8 - 308 - 317 - 140.6 3.6 285 29.7 - 300 - 309 - 137.6 3.65 277 28.6 - 291 - 301 - 134 3.7 269 27.4 - 283 - 293 - 130.1 3.75 262 26.3 - 275 - 286 - 127 3.8 255 25.2 - 268 - 279 - 123.8 3.85 248 24.1 - 261 - 272 - 119.7 3.9 241 22.9 100 254 241 266 253 116.3 3.95 235 21.8 99 247 235 260 248 114.3 4 229 20.8 98 241 229 254 242 110 4.05 223 19.7 97 238 223 251 237 105.5 4.1 217 - 96 - 217 - 232 102.3 4.15 212 - 95 - 212 - 227 100.7 4.2 207 - 95 - 207 - 222 98.8 4.25 201 - 93 - 201 - 217 94.8 4.3 197 - 93 - 197 - 213 92.8 4.35 192 - 92 - 192 - 208 90.8 4.4 187 - 90 - 187 - 202 89.4 4.45 183 - 89 - 183 - 198 88.6 4.5 179 - 89 - 179 - 194 87.5 4.55 174 - 87 - 174 - 189 85 4.6 170 - 86 - 170 - 185 83.3 4.65 167 - 85 - 167 - 182 82.5 4.7 163 - 84 - 163 - 178 81.3 4.75 159 - 83 - 159 - 173 80 4.8 156 - 82 - 156 - 170 77 4.85 152 - 81 - 152 - 166 72.7 4.9 149 - 80 - 149 - 163 71.3 4.95 146 - 79 - 146 - 160 69.7 5 143 - 78 - 143 - 157 68.7 5.05 140 - 76 - 140 - 152 67.5 5.1 137 - 75 - 137 - 151 66 5.15 134 - 74 - 134 - 147 64.7 5.2 131 - 73 - 131 - 144 63.5 5.25 128 - 71 - 128 - 141 62.3 5.3 126 - 70 - 126 - 139 61.5 5.35 123 - 69 - 123 - 137 60 5.4 121 - 68 - 121 - 135 59 5.45 118 - 66 - 118 - 132 57.5 Common Carbon Steel Composition Common Alloy Steel Composition Common Tool Steel Composition Common Stainless Steel Composition Common Nickel Alloy Composition Common Copper Alloy Composition Common Aluminum Composition Common Aluminum Composition Maximum weight % unless a range or minimum is shown. Categories Al Si Fe Cu Mn Mg Cr Ni Zu Zr Ti Other Each Other Total Source 1100 99.00 min 0.95 (Si + Fe) - 0.05-0.20 0.05 - - - 0.1 - - 0.05 0.15 ASTM B247-02a 2014 rem (1) 0.50-1.2 0.7 3.9-5.0 0.40-1.2 0.20-0.8 0.1 - 0.25 - 0.15 0.05 0.15 ASTM B247-02a 2024 rem (1) 0.5 0.5 3.8-4.9 0.30-0.9 1.2-1.8 0.1 - 0.25 - 0.15 0.05 0.15 AMS 4120R 2219 rem (1) 0.2 0.3 5.8-6.8 0.20-0.40 0.02 - - 0.1 0.10-0.25 0.02-0.10 0.05 (2) 0.15 (2) ASTM B247-02a 5083 rem (1) 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.40-1.0 4.0-4.9 0.05-0.25 - 0.25 - 0.15 0.05 0.15 ASTM B247-02a 6061 rem (1) 0.40-0.8 0.7 0.15-0.40 0.15 0.8-1.2 0.04-0.35 - 0.25 - 0.15 0.05 0.15 ASTM B247-02a 7050 rem (1) 0.12 0.15 2.0-2.6 0.1 1.9-2.6 0.04 - 5.7-6.7 0.08-0.15 0.06 0.05 0.15 ASTM B247-02a 7075 rem (1) 0.4 0.5 1.2-2.0 0.3 2.1-2.9 0.18-0.28 - 5.1-6.1 - 0.2 0.05 0.15 ASTM B247-02a 7175 rem (1) 0.15 0.2 1.2-2.0 0.1 2.1-2.9 0.18-0.28 - 5.1-6.1 - 0.1 0.05 0.15 ASTM B247-02a (1) remainder (2) Vanadium, 0.05 - 0.15 Disclaimer:Although the information set forth herein is believed to be correct, Scot Forge makes no recommendation, or offers no warranty of any kind, with respect to the subject matter or its accuracy. Scot Forge specifically disclaims all warranties, expressed, implied or otherwise, including, without limitation, all warranties of merchantability, fitness or suitability for a particular purpose or application. Common Copper Alloy Composition Maximum weight % unless a range or minimum is shown. Categories C10100 C11000 C15000 C18000 C18100 C18150 C18200 C61400 C63000 C63200 C70600 C71500 C72420 Cu (incl Ag) 99.99 min. 99.9 min. 99.8 min. rem (2) 98.7 min. rem (2) rem (2) rem (2) rem (2) rem (2) rem (2) rem (2) rem (2) Cr - - - 0.10-0.6 0.40-1.0 0.50-1.5 0.6-1.2 - - - - - 0.5 Fe 0.001 - - 0.15 - - 0.1 1.5-3.5 2.0-4.0 3.5-4.3 1.0-1.8 0.40-1.0 0.7-1.2 Ni (incl Co) 0.001 - - 2.0-3.0 2.0-3.0 - - - 4.0-5.5 4.0-4.8 9.0-11.0 29.0-33.0 13.5-16.5 Si - - - 0.40-0.8 - 0.1 0.1 - 0.25 0.1 - - - Zr - - 0.10-0.20 - 0.08-0.20 0.05-0.25 - - - - - - - Al - - - - - - - 6.0-8.0 9.0-11.0 8.7-9.5 - - 1.0-2.0 Mn 0.0005 - - - - - - 1 1.5 1.2-2.0 1 1 3.5-5.5 Sn 0.0002 - - - - - - - 0.2 - - - - Zn 0.0001 - - - - - - 0.2 0.3 - 1 1 - Other -1 - Cu + sum of named elements, 99.9 min. Cu + sum of named elements, 99.5 min. Mg, 0.03-0.06; Cu + sum of named elements, 99.5 min. Cu + sum of named elements, 99.7 min. Pb, 0.05; Cu + sum of named elements, 99.5 min. P, 0.015; Pb, 0.01; Cu + sum of named elements, 99.5 min. Cu + sum of named elements, 99.5 min. Pb, 0.02; Cu + sum of named elements, 99.5 min.; Fe<=Ni Pb, 0.05; Cu + sum of named elements, 99.5 min., (1) Pb, 0.05; Cu + sum of named elements, 99.5 min., (1) Cu + sum of named elements, 99.75 min.; (1) Source UNS C10100 UNS C11000 UNS C15000 UNS C18000 UNS C18100 UNS C18150 UNS C18200 UNS C61400 UNS C63000 UNS C63200 UNS C70600 UNS C71500 UNS C72420 (1) See specification for additional residual element requirements (2) remainder Disclaimer:Although the information set forth herein is believed to be correct, Scot Forge makes no recommendation, or offers no warranty of any kind, with respect to the subject matter or its accuracy. Scot Forge specifically disclaims all warranties, expressed, implied or otherwise, including, without limitation, all warranties of merchantability, fitness or suitability for a particular purpose or application. Common Nickel Alloy Composition Maximum weight % unless a range or minimum is shown. Category 200 201 400 K500 600 625 718 800 825 901 C276 Ni 90.0 min 99.0 min 63-70 (3) 63.0 min (3) 72.0 min. rem (2) 50.00-55.00 30.0-35.0 38.0-46.0 40.00-45.00 rem (2) C 0.15 0.02 0.2 0.18 0.15 0.1 0.08 0.1 0.05 0.1 0.02 Mn 0.35 0.35 2 1.5 1 0.5 0.35 1.5 1 0.5 1 Si 0.35 0.35 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.35 1 0.5 0.4 0.08 P - - 0.02 - - 0.015 0.015 - 0.03 0.03 0.03 S 0.01 0.01 0.015 0.01 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.03 0.03 0.03 Cr - - - - 14.00-17.00 20.00-23.00 17.00-21.00 19.0-23.0 19.5-23.5 11.00-14.00 14.5-16.5 Mo - - - - - 8.00-10.00 2.80-3.30 - 2.5-3.5 5.00-6.50 15.0-17.0 Cb - - - - - 3.15-4.15 4.75-5.50 - - - - Ta - - - - - 0.05 0.05 - - - - Co - - - - - 1 1 - - 1 2.5 Ti - - - 0.35-0.85 - 0.4 0.65-1.15 0.15-0.60 0.6-1.2 2.70-3.10 - Ai - - 0.5 2.30-3.15 0.4 0.4 0.20-0.80 0.15-0.60 0.2 0.35 - Fe 0.4 0.4 2.5 2 6.00-10.00 5 rem (2) rem (2) rem (2) rem (2) 4.0-7.0 Other - Cu, 0.25 max. Pb, 0.006; Sn, 0.006; Zn, 0.02 Cu, 27.0-33.0 (4) Cu, 0.50 -1 B, 0.006; Cu, 0.30, (1) Cu, 0.75 Cu, 1.5-3.0 B, 0.010-0.020; Cu, 0.50; (1) V, 0.35; W, 3.0-4.5 Source UNS N02200 UNS N02201 QQ-N-281D QQ-N-286F(SH) AMS 5665L AMS 5666E AMS 5662K UNS N08800 UNS N08825 AMS 5661E UNS N10276 (1) See specification for additional residual element requirements (2) remainder (3) Ni + Co (4) Cu + Ag Disclaimer:Although the information set forth herein is believed to be correct, Scot Forge makes no recommendation, or offers no warranty of any kind, with respect to the subject matter or its accuracy. Scot Forge specifically disclaims all warranties, expressed, implied or otherwise, including, without limitation, all warranties of merchantability, fitness or suitability for a particular purpose or application. Common Stainless Steel Composition Maximum weight % unless a range or minimum is shown. Categories 304 304L 316 316L 317 321 347 403 405 410 416 420 431 440A 440C Duplex 2205 13-8 Mo PH 15-5 PH 17-4 PH 254 SMO® Nitronic 50 Nitronic 60 Ferralium® 255 A286 Types: S-A S-A S-A S-A S-A S-A S-A S-M S-F S-M S-M S-M S-M S-M S-M S-D S-M-PH S-M-PH S-M-PH S-A S-A S-A S-D S-A-PH C 0.08 0.03 0.08 0.03 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.15 0.08 0.15 0.15 0.15 min. 0.2 0.60-0.75 0.95-1.20 0.03 0.05 0.07 0.07 0.02 0.06 0.1 0.04 0.08 Mn 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1.25 1 1 1 1 2 0.1 1 1 1 4.00-6.00 7.00-9.00 1.5 2 P 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.06 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.008 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.025 S 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.15 min. 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.03 0.03 0.01 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.025 Si 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0.5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0.1 1 1 0.8 1 3.50-4.50 1 1 Ni 8.00-10.50 8.00-12.00 10.00-14.00 10.00-14.00 11.00-15.00 9.00-12.00 9.00-13.00 - - - - - 1.25-2.50 - - 4.50-6.50 7.50-8.50 3.50-5.50 3.00-5.00 17.50-18.50 11.50-13.50 8.00-9.00 4.50-6.50 24.00-27.00 Cr 18.00-20.00 18.00-20.00 16.00-18.00 16.00-18.00 18.00-20.00 17.00-19.00 17.00-19.00 11.50-13.00 11.50-14.50 11.50-13.50 12.00-14.00 12.00-14.00 15.00-17.00 16.00-18.00 16.00-18.00 22.0-23.0 12.25-13.25 14.00-15.50 15.0-17.5 19.50-20.50 20.50-23.50 16.00-18.00 24.0-27.0 13.50-16.00 Mo - - 2.00-3.00 2.00-3.00 3.00-4.00 - - - - - 0.6 - - 0.75 0.75 3.00-3.50 2.00-2.50 - - 6.00-6.50 1.50-3.00 - 2.9-3.9 1.00-1.50 V - - - - - - - - - - Zr 0.60 max. - - - - - - - - - 0.10-0.30 - - 0.10-0.50 Cu - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2.50-4.50 3.00-5.00 0.50-1.00 - - 1.50-2.50 - Other - - - - - Ti, 5xC min. Cb-Ta, 10xC min. - Al, 0.10-0.30 - - - - - - N, 0.14-0.20 Al, 0.90-1.35 (4) Cb, 0.15-0.45 Cb, 0.15-0.45 N, 0.180-0.220 Cb, 0.10-0.30; N, 0.20-0.40 N, 0.08-0.18 N, 0.10-0.25 Ti, 1.90-2.35; B, 0.003-0.010; Co, 1.00; Al, 0.35 Source SAE J405 JAN89 SAE J405 JAN89 SAE J405 JAN89 SAE J405 JAN89 SAE J405 JAN89 SAE J405 JAN89 SAE J405 JAN89 SAE J405 JAN89 SAE J405 JAN89 SAE J405 JAN89 SAE J405 JAN89 SAE J405 JAN89 SAE J405 JAN89 SAE J405 JAN89 SAE J405 JAN89 UNS S32205 UNS S13889 UNS S15500 UNS S17400 UNS S31254 UNS S20910 UNS S21800 UNS S32550 AMS 5525G (1) See specification for additional residual element requirements Disclaimer:Although the information set forth herein is believed to be correct, Scot Forge makes no recommendation, or offers no warranty of any kind, with respect to the subject matter or its accuracy. Scot Forge specifically disclaims all warranties, expressed, implied or otherwise, including, without limitation, all warranties of merchantability, fitness or suitability for a particular purpose or application. Common Alloy Steel Composition Maximum weight % unless a range or minimum is shown. Categories 4140 4142 4145 4150 4150 RES 4320 4330V 4340 4350 4620 4820 6150 8620 8630 8822 9310 9850 52100 EX55 HY80 HY100 A182 F1 A182 F5 A182 F11 A182 F12 A182 F22 A182 F91 A336 F1 A336 F22a A508 Cl.2 A508 Cl.3 MIL-S-23284 Cl 1 MIL-S-23284 Cl 2 Nitralloy "N" Nitralloy 135 C 0.38-0.43 0.40-0.45 0.43-0.48 0.48-0.53 0.48-0.53 0.17-0.22 0.28-0.33 0.38-0.43 0.48-0.55 0.17-0.22 0.18-0.23 0.48-0.53 0.18-0.23 0.28-0.33 0.20-0.25 0.07-0.13 0.48-0.53 0.98-1.10 0.12-0.17 0.12-0.18 0.12-0.20 0.28 0.15 0.10-0.20 (2) 0.10-0.20 0.05-0.15 0.08-0.12 0.30-0.30 0.05-0.15 0.27 0.25 0.28 0.26 0.22-0.27 0.38-0.43 Mn 0.75-1.00 0.75-1.00 0.75-1.00 0.75-1.00 0.75-1.30 (1) 0.45-0.65 0.75-1.00 0.60-0.80 0.60-0.80 0.45-0.65 0.50-0.70 0.70-0.90 0.70-0.90 0.70-0.90 0.75-1.00 0.40-0.70 0.70-0.90 0.25-0.45 0.70-1.00 0.10-0.40 0.10-0.40 0.60-0.90 0.30-0.60 0.30-0.80 0.30-0.80 0.30-0.60 0.30-0.60 0.60-0.80 0.30-0.60 0.50-1.00 1.20-1.50 0.15-0.45 0.15-0.45 0.50-0.70 0.50-0.80 P 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.035 0.03 0.025 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.025 0.04 0.025 0.025 0.015 0.015 0.045 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.02 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.02 0.02 0.035 0.025 S 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.025 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.025 0.04 0.025 0.025 0.008 0.008 0.045 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.01 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.015 0.015 0.04 0.025 Si 0.15-0.35 0.15-0.35 0.15-0.35 0.15-0.35 0.15-0.35 0.15-0.35 0.15-0.35 0.15-0.35 0.15-0.35 0.15-0.35 0.15-0.35 0.15-0.35 0.15-0.35 0.15-0.35 0.15-0.35 0.15-0.35 0.20-0.35 0.15-0.35 0.20-0.35 0.15-0.35 0.15-0.35 0.15-0.35 0.5 0.50-1.00 0.10-0.60 0.5 0.20-0.50 0.20-0.35 0.5 0.15-0.40 0.15-0.40 0.35 0.35 0.15-0.35 0.20-0.40 Ni - - - - 0.25 1.65-2.00 1.65-2.00 1.65-2.00 1.65-2.00 1.65-2.00 3.25-3.75 - 0.40-0.70 0.40-0.70 0.40-0.70 3.00-3.50 0.85-1.15 - 1.65-2.00 2.50-3.25 2.75-3.50 - 0.5 - - - 0.4 - - 0.50-1.00 0.40-1.00 2.75-3.50 2.75-3.25 3.25-3.75 0.25 Cr 0.80-1.10 0.80-1.10 0.80-1.10 0.80-1.10 0.80-1.10 0.40-0.60 0.75-1.00 0.70-0.90 0.70-0.90 - - 0.80-1.10 0.40-0.60 0.40-0.60 0.40-0.60 1.00-1.40 0.70-0.90 1.30-1.60 0.45-0.65 1.35-1.80 1.35-1.80 - 4.0-6.0 1.00-1.50 0.80-1.25 2.00-2.50 8.0-9.5 - 2.00-2.50 0.25-0.45 0.25 0.5 0.5 1.00-1.35 1.40-1.80 Mo 0.15-0.25 0.15-0.25 0.15-0.25 0.15-0.25 0.15-0.25 0.20-0.30 0.35-0.50 0.20-0.30 0.20-0.30 0.20-0.30 0.20-0.30 - 0.15-0.25 0.15-0.25 0.30-0.40 0.08-0.15 0.20-0.30 - 0.65-0.80 0.30-0.60 0.30-0.60 0.44-0.65 0.44-0.65 0.44-0.65 0.44-0.65 0.87-1.13 0.85-1.05 0.40-0.60 0.90-1.10 0.55-0.70 0.45-0.60 0.25-0.60 0.25-0.60 0.20-0.30 0.30-0.40 V - - - - - - 0.05-0.10 - - - - 0.15 min. - - - - - - - 0.03 0.03 - - - - - 0.18-0.25 - - 0.05 0.05 0.08 0.05 - - Cu - - - - 0.35 - 0.35 max. - - - - - - - - 0.35 - - - 0.25 0.25 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.35 Other - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - B, 0.001 max. - - - Ti, 0.02 max Ti, 0.02 max - - - - - Cb, 0.06-0.10; N, 0.03-0.07; Al, 0.04 max. - - - - P+S, 0.03 max (3) P+S, 0.03 max (3) Al, 0.95-1.30 Al, 0.95-1.30 Source SAE J404 APR94 SAE J404 APR94 SAE J404 APR94 SAE J404 APR94 ASTM A322-91 w/modifications SAE J404 APR94 AMS 6427H SAE J404 APR94 SAE J404 APR94 w/modifications SAE J404 APR94 SAE J404 APR94 SAE J404 APR94 SAE J404 APR94 SAE J404 APR94 SAE J404 APR94 AMS 6260M SAE J1249 APR94 SAE J404 APR94 - MIL-S-23009C(SH) MIL-S-23009C(SH) ASTM A182-98a ASTM A182-98a ASTM A182-98a ASTM A182-98a ASTM A182-98a ASTM A182-98a ASTM A336-97 ASTM A336-97 ASTM A508-95 ASTM A508-95 MIL-S-23284A(SH) MIL-S-23284A(SH) ASTM A355-89 AMS 6470J (1) Several different Mn ranges are available. Contact your Scot Forge sales representative for additional information. (2) ASTM A182 F11, Class 1 is restricted to 0.05-0.15 C and 0.30-0.60 Mn (3) See specification for additional residual element requirements Disclaimer: Although the information set forth herein is believed to be correct, Scot Forge makes no recommendation, or offers no warranty of any kind, with respect to the subject matter or its accuracy. Scot Forge specifically disclaims all warranties, expressed, implied or otherwise, including, without limitation, all warranties of merchantability, fitness or suitability for a particular purpose or application. Common Carbon Steel Composition Maximum weight % unless a range or minimum is shown. Categories 1018 1020 1021-2 1026-3 1029 1030 1035 1040 1045 1050 1055 1060 1065 1070 1080 1117 1141 1146 ABS Grade 2 A-105 15B22 MOD 1545 A350 LF2 C 0.15-0.20 0.18-0.23 0.18-0.23 0.22-0.28 0.25-0.31 0.28-0.34 0.32-0.38 0.37-0.44 0.43-0.50 0.48-0.55 0.50-0.60 0.55-0.65 0.60-0.70 0.65-0.75 0.75-0.88 0.14-0.20 0.37-0.45 0.42-0.49 0.35 0.35 0.20-0.25 0.42-0.53 0.35 Mn 0.60-0.90 0.30-0.60 0.60-0.90 0.60-0.90 0.60-0.90 0.60-0.90 0.60-0.90 0.60-0.90 0.60-0.90 0.60-0.90 0.60-0.90 0.60-0.90 0.60-0.90 0.60-0.90 0.60-0.90 1.00-1.30 1.35-1.65 0.70-1.00 1.35 0.60-1.05 0.80-1.10 1.00-1.25 0.60-1.35 P 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.05 0.035 0.04 0.045 0.035 S 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.08-0.13 0.08-0.13 0.08-0.13 0.05 0.04 0.05 0.20-0.30 0.04 Si -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 - 0.10-0.35 0.15-0.35 0.1 0.15-0.30 Ni - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.4 - 0.25 0.4 Cr - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.3 - 0.25 0.3 Mo - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.12 - 0.1 0.12 V - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.05 - - 0.05 Cu - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.4 - - 0.4 Other - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Cb, 0.02 max.; Cu+Ni+Mo, 1.00 max; Cr+Mo, 0.32 max. B, 0.0005-0.0030 - Cb, 0.02 max.; Cu+Ni+Cr+V+Mo, 1.00 max; Cr+Mo, 0.32 max. Source SAE J403 MAY94 SAE J403 MAY94 SAE J403 MAY94 SAE J403 MAY94 SAE J403 MAY94 SAE J403 MAY94 SAE J403 MAY94 SAE J403 MAY94 SAE J403 MAY94 SAE J403 MAY94 SAE J403 MAY94 SAE J403 MAY94 SAE J403 MAY94 SAE J403 MAY94 SAE J403 MAY94 SAE J403 MAY94 SAE J403 MAY94 SAE J403 MAY94 ABS, Part 2, 1997 ASTM A105-96 CAT 1E0621-15 Custom grade ASTM A350-97 (1) Not required by specification but may be specified Disclaimer: Although the information set forth herein is believed to be correct, Scot Forge makes no recommendation, or offers no warranty of any kind, with respect to the subject matter or its accuracy. Scot Forge specifically disclaims all warranties, expressed, implied or otherwise, including, without limitation, all warranties of merchantability, fitness or suitability for a particular purpose or application. Common Tool Steel Composition Maximum weight % unless a range or minimum is shown. Categories D2 H13 L6 C 1.40-1.60 0.32-0.45 0.65-0.75 Mn 0.10-0.60 0.20-0.60 0.25-0.80 P 0.03 0.03 0.03 S 0.03 0.03 0.03 Si 0.10-0.60 0.80-1.25 0.10-0.50 Ni - - 1.25-2.00 Cr 11.00-13.00 4.75-5.50 0.60-1.20 Mo 0.70-1.20 1.10-1.75 0.5 V 0.50-1.10 0.80-1.20 - Cu - - - Other - - - Source ASTM A681-94 ASTM A681-94 ASTM A681-94 Disclaimer: Although the information set forth herein is believed to be correct, Scot Forge makes no recommendation, or offers no warranty of any kind, with respect to the subject matter or its accuracy. Scot Forge specifically disclaims all warranties, expressed, implied or otherwise, including, without limitation, all warranties of merchantability, fitness or suitability for a particular purpose or application. Scot Forge Difference At Scot Forge, we know the importance of getting your parts on-time, as expected. However, for customers new to procuring forgings, ordering a forging that will meet all specifications for end-use applications may be a challenge, which is why finding a trusted supplier and partner is essential. Our employee-owners are here to ensure your project stays on track with our forgings by offering: Forge Design & Engineering Guidance Finished Machining Options Metallurgical Review, NDE & Destructive Testing Forged Products We offer many size forgings in both standard and unique geometries to meet your needs. Complex Shapes Bars Step Shafts, Eccentric Shafts & Rotor Shafts Hollows Hubs & Tooled Forgings Semi-Closed Die Discs & Blanks Pro Tip - Did you know near-net shapes can save you time and money? Oftentimes, a customer calls to order a disc, which they will later machine down to a more shaped part. By working with our technically trained sales team, you can get your finished product shape as close as possible to optimize your production process. We can help you today! 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ff147b5b-ac57-4b3b-a111-817e827136f6 FORGED INCONEL, MONEL & INCOLOY IMAGE OF N07718M01 @ 200X GENERATED IN-HOUSE High-Performance Nickel-Based Alloys Nickel alloys are used for forgings that need to withstand intense temperatures, the most severe environments and must be wear-resistant as well as corrosion-resistant. Nickel alloys hold high flow stress even at elevated temperatures, making it difficult to move during the forging process. A fine grain structure must be maintained to meet demanding specifications, requiring more tonnage and specific temperature and reduction sequences to shape the material. MARINE FORGING CONSULTATIONS AEROSPACE FORGING Carbon, Alloy & Tool Steel Inventory Scot Forge holds an inventory of various grades for customers to order for their carbon alloy and tool steel forging needs and specifications: 1010 1050 17 CrNiMo6 4320 9310 A182F12 MIL-S 23284CL1 1018 1055 2317 4330 52100 A182F22 MIL-S 23284CL2 1020 1060 3310 4340 ABS Grade 2 A 182F91 NITRALLOY "N" 1021 1065 4130 4350 EX55 A336F1 NITRALLOY 135 1022 1070 4130API 4620 HY80 A336F22A D-2 1026 1080 4140 4820 HY100 A350LF2 H-13 1029 1117 4142 6150 A 105 A350LF3 L-6 1030 1141 4145 8620 A182FI A508CL2 1035 1146 4150 8622 A182F5 A508CL3 1040 1541V 4150 RES. 8630 A182F9 A723GR2 1045 15B22 43B17 8822 A182F11 A723GR3 Forged Carbon, Alloy & Tool Steel Characteristics carbon Steel The hardenability of carbon steel is limited because only carbon is used in the material. Many grades of carbon steel are hardenable through heat treatment that includes quenching and tempering steps; however, the super high strength of stainless steels cannot be achieved with carbon steel. Alloy Steel Adding alloying elements - Manganese, chromium, nickel and molybdenum are some of the elements used for increased strength, toughness and wear resistance compared to carbon steel. Other desirable characteristics such as corrosion resistance, strength at elevated temperature and creep resistance are also achieved through alloying element additions. Tool Steel Major alloying elements in tool steel are chromium, molybdenum, vanadium and tungsten. These carbide formers allow tool steel to resist deformation and maintain a sharp cutting edge at high temperatures. Quality Assurance Scot Forge is proud to be ISO 9001:2015 and AS9100D certified , and our team is committed to providing outstanding customer satisfaction. Further pursuance of aerospace products has led to NADCAP accreditation in both Heat Treatment for nickel material and Nondestructive Testing. Every Scot Forge customer gets placed with a qualified team that will guide each nickel forging delivered from the inquiry stage to order placement, expediting and shipping. Forged Copper Advantages Due to its heat and electrical conductivity, forged copper products are ideal for applications that serve in the Aerospace , R & D , Marine and Naval industries. Copper forgings perform well in these industries because of the combination of properties copper provides. The Aerospace industry prefers copper forgings for its thermal and electrical characteristics and abrasion resistance. The Marine and Naval industries benefit from copper’s resistance to seawater corrosion and intrinsic biofouling properties. Copper Mechanical Properties Some pure copper grades exhibit very high thermal and electrical conductivity but have low strength Other grades are able to obtain higher strengths at the loss of come conductivity Copper has good biofouling resistance Copper retains mechanical and electrical properties at cryogenic temperatures Forged Copper Benefits Electrical Conductivity Thermal Conductivity Ease of Forming Nonmagnetic Nonsparking High Machinability Flexibility Copper Alloy Inventory From creating rings, discs and blanks, to complex forged shapes, our metal forging technology creates forged copper products that exceed customer expectations. We forge to meet customer specifications and have experience forging to these common standards: ASTM B150, ASTM B170, MIL-C-15726, MIL-C-24679. Scot Forge holds an inventory of various grades for customers to order for their copper forging needs and specifications: C00000 C63000 C10100 C63200 C18000 C71500 C18150 C72420 C18200 ZC-1 ™ (Chrome Zirconium Copper) Forged Copper Products Rocket Engine Nozzle / Skirt Combustion Chamber / Rocket Engine Liner Lox Domes Pressure Vessels Copper Casting Wheels Forged Copper Capabilities In addition, we provide value-added processes such as saw cutting, heat treating, contour torch cutting, destructive testing, metallurgical analysis and Level III nondestructive testing for all copper forging. We ensure to deliver a finished product that is ready to be installed. Quality Assurance Scot Forge is proud to be ISO 9001:2015 and AS9100D certified , and our team is committed to providing outstanding customer satisfaction. Further pursuance of aerospace products has led to NADCAP accreditation in both Heat Treatment for nickel material and Nondestructive Testing. Every Scot Forge customer gets placed with a qualified team that will guide each nickel forging delivered from the inquiry stage to order placement, expediting and shipping. Forged Titanium Advantages Forged titanium’s anti-corrosive properties make it an exceptional choice for marine, off-shore and saltwater environments. Titanium forgings are also well suited for applications in the Aerospace , Defense and Industrial industries as they are capable to withstand intense environmental conditions. Products often assembled using titanium forgings include: Aircraft, helicopters and rockets Submarines and ships Pressure vessels Heat exchangers Benefits of Forged Titanium Highest Strength to density ration of any metallic element Corrosion-resistant in seawater Forged Nickel Alloys Advantages Because of its high tolerance, forged nickel alloys are ideal applications for a variety of industries such as Aerospace , Oil & Gas , Defense and Marine . Products that can be manufactured using nickel alloys include: Aircraft and jet engines Rocket components Down hole oil and gas pipeline Off-shore/sea applications Forged Aluminum Alloy Advantages Because of its strength, aluminum forgings remain ideal for applications where performance and safety are a high priority as it can endure intense conditions for a wide variety of industries, including Aerospace , Semiconductor , Defense and Marine . Benefits of Forged Aluminum Strength to weight ratio Light weight/low density Corrosion resistance High thermal conductivity Design flexibility Good surface finish Fracture toughness Fatigue and fatigue crack growth Cryogenic properties Stainless Steel Inventory At Scot Forge, we produce forged stainless steel parts to meet customer requirements and specifications, with on-hand stainless steel grade types that are most commonly worked to in ASTM specs; specifically: ASTM A182, ASTM A565, ASTM A965 and ASTM A750 . Scot Forge holds an inventory of various stainless steel alloys for our customers’ stainless steel forging needs and specifications: 304/304L 347 431 15-5PH FERRALIUM 255 ® 310 405 440A 17-4PH FERRALIUM SD40 ® 316/316L 410 440C 254 SMO ® 317/317L 416 A182F51/DUPLEX 2205 NITRONIC GRADES 321 420 13-8PH Quality Assurance Scot Forge is proud to be ISO 9001:2015 and AS9100D certified , and our team is committed to providing outstanding customer satisfaction. Further pursuance of aerospace products has led to NADCAP accreditation in both Heat Treatment for nickel material and Nondestructive Testing. Every Scot Forge customer gets placed with a qualified team that will guide each nickel forging delivered from the inquiry stage to order placement, expediting and shipping. On-Hand Nickel-Based Material Scot Forge can forge nickel alloys to your specific requirements and specifications. From creating rings, discs and blanks to complex forged shapes, our metal forging technology creates forged nickel products that exceed customer expectations. Scot Forge holds an inventory of various alloys for customers to order for their nickel forging needs and specifications: Commercially Pure (CP) Inconel 686 (UNS N06686) Incoloy 800H (UNS N08810) Monel 400 (UNS N04400) Inconel 716 (UNS N07716) Incoloy 800HT (UNS N08811) Monel K500 (UNS N05500) Inconel 718 (UNS N07718) Incoloy 825 (UNS N08825) Inconel 600 (UNS N06600) Inconel 725 (UNS NO7718) Hastelloy C276 (UNS N10276) Inconel 617 (UNS N06617) Inconel X750 (UNS N07750) Inconel 625 (UNS N06625) Incoloy 020 (UNS N08020) Forged Nickel Alloy Advantages Because of their high tolerance, forged nickel alloys are ideal applications for various industries such as Aerospace , Oil & Gas , Defense and Marine . Inconel Inconel is a family of nickel-chromium-based superalloys that exhibit excellent strength, corrosion resistance, and high-temperature capabilities. Benefits of inconel a. High-Temperature Resistance: Inconel alloys retain their strength and mechanical properties at elevated temperatures, making them ideal for applications in gas turbines, aerospace, and petrochemical industries. b. Corrosion Resistance: Inconel offers exceptional resistance to corrosion, including oxidation, reducing environments, and corrosive media like acids and salts, making it suitable for marine and chemical processing applications. c. Excellent Mechanical Properties: Inconel alloys possess superior mechanical properties, such as high tensile and fatigue strength, which ensure their reliability in demanding conditions. d. Weldability: Inconel exhibits good weldability, allowing for easy fabrication and repair of components. APplications a. Aerospace and Defense: Inconel is widely used in aircraft engines, gas turbine blades, exhaust systems, and heat shields due to its ability to withstand high temperatures and mechanical stress. b. Petrochemical and Chemical Processing: Inconel resists corrosion and stress cracking in aggressive environments, making it suitable for applications like heat exchangers, reactors, and piping systems. c. Oil and Gas: Inconel is used in downhole tools, valves, and wellhead components due to its resistance to high-pressure and corrosive conditions. d. Nuclear Power: Inconel alloys are employed in reactor cores, steam generators, and other critical components due to their resistance to radiation and high-temperature environments. Monel Monel is a group of nickel-copper alloys known for their excellent corrosion resistance, especially in marine and chemical environments. Benefits of monel a. Corrosion Resistance: Monel alloys exhibit exceptional resistance to various corrosive media, including seawater, acids, alkalis, and industrial gases. b. High Strength: Monel alloys possess good mechanical strength, making them suitable for high stress and pressure applications. c. Heat Resistance: Monel maintains its mechanical properties and corrosion resistance at elevated temperatures, making it suitable for high-temperature applications. Applications a. Marine and Offshore: Monel is extensively used in marine applications such as propeller shafts, pump shafts, valves, and fasteners due to its resistance to seawater corrosion. b. Chemical Processing: Monel is utilized in equipment like heat exchangers, valves, and pumps in the chemical industry due to its resistance to various corrosive chemicals. c. Oil and Gas: Monel alloys are used in oil refineries, offshore platforms, and pipelines due to their resistance to corrosive environments and high-pressure conditions. Incoloy Incoloy is a group of nickel-based alloys renowned for their excellent high-temperature strength and corrosion resistance. Benefits of incoloy a. High-Temperature Strength: Incoloy alloys offer remarkable strength and stability at elevated temperatures, making them suitable for furnace components, heat-treating equipment, and power generation systems. b. Corrosion Resistance: Incoloy exhibits excellent resistance to oxidation and corrosion, making it ideal for applications in chemical processing, pollution control, and marine environments. c. Thermal Stability: Incoloy alloys retain their mechanical properties over various temperatures, including cryogenic environments. Applications a. Power Generation: Incoloy is extensively used in gas turbines, heat exchangers, and boiler components due to its high-temperature strength and corrosion resistance. b. Chemical Processing: Incoloy alloys find applications in reactors, pipelines, and heat exchangers due to their resistance to aggressive chemicals and high-temperature environments. c. Aerospace: Incoloy is employed in components like jet engines, exhaust systems, and combustion chambers due to its ability to withstand high temperatures and corrosive gases. Forged Stainless Steel Applications Forged stainless steel is popularly used in a variety of industries, such as Industrial, Food, Infrastructure and Oil & Gas due to its ability to perform in high stress and corrosive environments. Parts that can be manufactured using stainless steel forging include: Construction and Infrastructure: Stainless steel is utilized in buildings, bridges, tunnels, and other infrastructure projects due to its strength, corrosion resistance, and architectural appeal. Oil and Gas: Stainless steel is employed in pipelines, storage tanks, and refineries due to its resistance to corrosive substances and high-temperature environments. Energy and Power Generation: Stainless steel is used in power plants, nuclear facilities, nuclear waste container vessels and renewable energy sectors for applications such as turbine blades and shafts, heat exchangers and exhaust systems. Transportation: Stainless steel is utilized in automobiles, trains, aircraft, and ships for various components, including exhaust systems, structural parts and interior fittings. Medical and Healthcare: Stainless steel is commonly used in medical equipment, structural components for cryogenic vessels, surgical instruments, implants and hospital infrastructure due to its hygienic properties and biocompatibility. High strength parts for saltwater environments 17-4PH forged bar Forged Stainless Steel Grades & Characteristics Stainless steel has overall benefits of corrosion resistance and machinability, and each grade type of stainless steel comes with its own set of benefits: Austenitic Stainless steel Highest impact strength Cryogenic toughness Non-magnetic MARTENSITIC STAINLESS STEEL High strength Pitting corrosion resistance PRECIPITATION HARDENING (PH) STAINLESS STEEL Extreme strength and fatigue life Moderate toughness DUPLEX STAINLESS STEEL Sound combination of strength and corrosion resistance Reliable toughness at room temperature Benefits of Stainless Steel Stainless steel offers a range of benefits that make it a preferred material across different sectors. Corrosion Resistance: Stainless steel is renowned for its exceptional corrosion resistance, making it highly resistant to rust, stains, and environmental factors. It contains chromium, which forms a protective oxide layer on the surface, providing resistance to various corrosive media, including acids, alkalis, and moisture. This property is particularly valuable in industries such as: Marine and Offshore: Stainless steel is extensively used in shipbuilding, offshore platforms, and coastal structures due to its ability to withstand the harsh conditions of seawater. Chemical Processing: The resistance of stainless steel to corrosive chemicals makes it suitable for equipment like tanks, pipelines, and valves used in chemical plants. Food and Beverage: Stainless steel is commonly utilized in the food and beverage industry due to its hygienic properties, ease of cleaning, and resistance to food acids and contamination. Strength and Durability: Stainless steel exhibits excellent mechanical properties, including high strength, toughness, and durability. It maintains its integrity even at extreme temperatures, making it ideal for various applications, such as: Construction and Architecture: Stainless steel is used in structural components, building facades, roofing, and bridges due to its strength, aesthetic appeal, and resistance to weathering. Automotive: Stainless steel finds application in exhaust systems, automotive frames, and body components due to its strength, heat resistance, and corrosion resistance. Medical and Pharmaceutical: Stainless steel is widely used in medical instruments, surgical equipment, and implantable devices due to its biocompatibility, sterilizability and corrosion resistance. Hygiene and Cleanability: Stainless steel possesses a smooth and non-porous surface, making it easy to clean and maintain hygiene standards and highly suitable for industries with stringent cleanliness requirements, including: Pharmaceutical: Stainless steel is used in pharmaceutical equipment, storage tanks, and cleanroom environments due to its ease of cleaning and resistance to contamination. Food Processing: Stainless steel is employed in food processing equipment, storage containers, and kitchen appliances due to its non-reactive nature, ease of cleaning, and corrosion resistance. Forged Nickel Inventory Scot Forge can forge nickel alloys to your specific requirements and specifications. From creating rings, discs and blanks, to complex forged shapes, our metal forging technology creates forged nickel products that exceed customer expectations. Scot Forge holds an inventory of various alloys for customers to order for their nickel forging needs and specifications: Inconel 625 (UNS N06625) Incoloy 020 (UNS N08020) Inconel 617 (UNS N06617) Inconel X750 (UNS N07750) Inconel 600 (UNS N06600) Inconel 725 (UNS NO7718) Hastelloy C276 (UNS N10276) Monel K500 (UNS N05500) Inconel 718 (UNS N07718) Incoloy 825 (UNS N08825) Monel 400 (UNS N04400) Inconel 716 (UNS N07716) Incoloy 800HT (UNS N08811) Commercially Pure (CP) Inconel 686 (UNS N06686) Incoloy 800H (UNS N08810) Quality Assurance Scot Forge is proud to be ISO 9001:2015 and AS9100D certified , and our team is committed to providing outstanding customer satisfaction. Further pursuance of aerospace products has led to NADCAP accreditation in both Heat Treatment for nickel material and Nondestructive Testing. Every Scot Forge customer gets placed with a qualified team that will guide each nickel forging delivered from the inquiry stage to order placement, expediting and shipping. Forged Titanium Inventory While Scot Forge typically produces forged titanium products to meet customer requirements and specifications, we also offer titanium forging services to these common industry standards: ASTM B381, AMS4928, AMS4931, AMS6931, SAE AMS4921, MIL-T-9047. Scot Forge holds an inventory of various alloys for customers to order for their titanium forging needs and specifications: Commercially Pure (CP) Ti-6Al-4V Gr. 2, Gr. 3, Gr. 4 Ti-6Al-4V Extra Low Interstitial Quality Assurance Scot Forge is proud to be ISO 9001:2015 and AS9100D certified , and our team is committed to providing outstanding customer satisfaction. Further pursuance of aerospace products has led to NADCAP accreditation in both Heat Treatment for nickel material and Nondestructive Testing. Every Scot Forge customer gets placed with a qualified team that will guide each nickel forging delivered from the inquiry stage to order placement, expediting and shipping. Aluminum Inventory Scot Forge forges aluminum to meet customer specifications, Scot Forge also offers aluminum forgings in the following common alloys: 1100 2618 5083 6061 7079 2014 3003 5086 7039 7175 2024 4032 5383 7050 Highlander 613 ™ 2219 5052 5456 7075 Highly-Skilled Partner Scot Forge metallurgists, forge engineers and sales engineers can partner with your team to give advice on the following manufacturing practices for proprietary aluminum work: Thermal Mechanical Processing (TMP) Microstructural and grain size control Engineered micro and macro-structures to meet the specific service conditions and direction of loading Forging and thermal practices Stress-relieving for optimal machining and stress corrosion cracking resistance Quality Assurance Scot Forge is proud to be ISO 9001:2015 and AS9100D certified , and our team is committed to providing outstanding customer satisfaction. Further pursuance of aerospace products has led to NADCAP accreditation in both Heat Treatment for nickel material and Nondestructive Testing. Every Scot Forge customer gets placed with a qualified team that will guide each nickel forging delivered from the inquiry stage to order placement, expediting and shipping. Questions? Contact a forging expert Forged Carbon, Alloy & Tool Steel Advantages Low Carbon Steel Low carbon steel has 0.05% to 0.25% carbon which allows the material to be ductile. Low carbon steel is a low-cost option for applications where high strength is not a consideration. Medium Carbon Steel Medium carbon steel has 0.29% to 0.54% carbon which contains a higher amount of manganese and allows the material to be quenched and tempered after forging. These forgings offer higher strength and toughness than low carbon steels, yet avoid the higher costs associated with the highly alloyed stainless steels. High and Very High Carbon Steel High and very high carbon steel has 0.55% to 2.1% carbon which allows the material to achieve high hardness and resilience. Carbon steel hardened by heat treatment has increased strength and toughness. Tool steels, containing higher amounts of carbon, are normally forged for the purpose of creating tools that can resist abrasion, fatigue and wear. Benefits Of Forged Carbon, Alloy & Tool Steel Benefits of Carbon Steel: Strength and Durability: Carbon steel offers excellent tensile strength and hardness, making it suitable for structural components and machinery parts that require high strength and resistance to wear. Cost-Effectiveness: Carbon steel is comparatively less expensive than other steel types, making it an economical choice for various applications. Machinability: Carbon steel is easy to machine and fabricate, allowing for efficient production of components with intricate shapes. Benefits of Alloy Steel: Enhanced Strength and Toughness: Alloying elements improve the strength, hardness, and toughness of steel, enabling its use in demanding applications that require resistance to high-temperature environments, pressure, and mechanical stress. Corrosion Resistance: Certain alloy steels exhibit improved corrosion resistance, making them suitable for applications in aggressive environments. Wear Resistance: Alloy steels can possess excellent wear resistance, ensuring their longevity and suitability for applications involving friction and abrasive forces. Benefits of Tool Steel: High Hardness and Wear Resistance: Tool steel possesses excellent hardness, allowing it to withstand high cutting forces and resist wear during machining processes. Toughness and Shock Resistance: Tool steel exhibits high toughness, enabling it to absorb shock and resist deformation, making it suitable for applications involving high impact and repetitive stresses. Heat Resistance: Tool steel retains its hardness and toughness even at high temperatures, allowing it to withstand the thermal stresses associated with high-speed machining and heat treatment processes. Carbon, Alloy & Tool Steel Applications Carbon Steel: Construction: Carbon steel is widely used in construction for structural frameworks, bridges, and reinforcement bars due to its high strength and durability. Automotive: Carbon steel is employed in automobile frames, chassis components, and suspension systems due to its strength, impact resistance, and affordability. Infrastructure : Carbon steel is utilized in pipelines, tanks, and machinery for various industrial applications, including oil and gas, water treatment, and manufacturing. Alloy Steel Aerospace and Defense : Alloy steel is used in aircraft components, landing gear, and structural parts due to its high strength, fatigue resistance, and temperature stability. Oil and Gas: Alloy steel finds application in oil and gas exploration, drilling, and production equipment due to its resistance to corrosion, high pressure, and harsh operating conditions. Automotive and Transportation: Alloy steel is employed in engine components, gears, axles, and suspension systems in the automotive and transportation industries due to its strength, durability, and heat resistance. Tool Steel Manufacturing: Tool steel is used in the manufacturing industry for the production of cutting tools, dies, molds, and machine components that require high hardness and wear resistance. Automotive: Tool steel finds application in the automotive industry for the production of forging dies, punches, and cutting tools used in metal forming and machining processes. Plastics and Injection Molding: Tool steel is utilized in the plastics industry for the production of molds and dies used in injection molding, extrusion, and blow molding processes. Scot Forge Difference At Scot Forge, we know the importance of getting your parts on-time, as expected. However, for customers new to procuring forgings, ordering a forging that will meet all specifications for end-use applications may be a challenge, which is why finding a trusted supplier and partner is essential. Our employee-owners are here to ensure your project stays on track with our forgings by offering: Forge Design & Engineering Guidance Finished Machining Options Metallurgical Review, NDE & Destructive Testing Forged Products We offer many size forgings in both standard and unique geometries to meet your needs. Complex Shapes Bars Step Shafts, Eccentric Shafts & Rotor Shafts Hollows Hubs & Tooled Forgings Semi-Closed Die Discs & Blanks Pro Tip - Did you know near-net shapes can save you time and money? Oftentimes, a customer calls to order a disc, which they will later machine down to a more shaped part. By working with our technically trained sales team, you can get your finished product shape as close as possible to optimize your production process. We can help you today! Name* Phone Number* Company* Email* State/Country* Comment/Request* File upload Upload File NOTE: Please do not upload sensitive documents. For a secure file transfer please call 800-435-6621. Submit

Visit Scot Forge at Booth 209 this June at the National Space & Missile Materials Symposium / Commercial and Government Responsive Access to Space Technology Exchange (NSMMS/CRASTE). Click to call 1 (800) 435-6621 Talk to an industry specialist! Take a Virtual Tour! Tour our facilities and watch videos to learn about our services and capabilities first-hand. Watch Our Impact Stories! Learn how Scot Forge can Take the Weight Off Your ShouldersTM Join Scot Forge at NSMMS/CRASTE 2017 Email us today to schedule a time to meet with Scot Forge at booth 209 during NSMMS/CRASTE 2017. Schedule a Meeting! Operating with more than 1.3 million sq.ft. of manufacturing space between five U.S. facilities, Scot Forge offers over 124 years of experience and knowledge to assist you in meeting your design challenges and program objectives. From proprietary aerospace alloys like Highlander 613™ and structural and propulsion components for rockets, to missile ordnance systems and accessories, Scot Forge is the premier forging partner for the Aerospace and Defense industries. Visit us at Booth 209. You can Download the Floor Plan here. We can help you today! Name* Phone Number* Company* Email* State/Country* Comment/Request* File upload Upload File NOTE: Please do not upload sensitive documents. For a secure file transfer please call 800-435-6621. Submit

b83f2e64-9a34-4282-8766-2fe00b2a157f ASPHALT INDUSTRY FORGINGS Forgings That Keep You Paving Durable, smooth and flexible are not only the characteristics of asphalt, they are also the characteristics you can expect in a partnership with Scot Forge. We manufacture forgings to keep production moving from quarry to installation. Forge components, such as discs, pipes, rods, cylinders and blanks, that you can rely on even in an emergency situation. INFRASTRUCTURE FORGINGS FORGED PRODUCTS Asphalt & Road Restoration Asphalt is one of the world's oldest materials for engineering, used since the beginning of civilization; it is robust and flexible. Asphalt is a sustainable paving solution made from a mixture of aggregates, binder and filler, which has weather and chemical-resistant properties and adapts to various uses—both stiff and resistant to distortion, and flexible and strong enough to resist cracking. These attributes make asphalt well suited for handling applied pressure from motor vehicles on roads, stresses of expansion joints and patches and extreme wear and tear of airport runways. Other asphalt applications include: Waterproofing tunnels, bridges, dams and reservoirs. Rustproofing and soundproofing metal pipes and automotive under-bodies. Soundproofing walls and ceilings. Extensive Inventory & Forging Expertise At Scot Forge, our technically trained account managers are dedicated to helping you become the strongest link in the supply chain in our nation’s efforts to improve roads, bridges, public transit and rail transportation systems. We know that in periods of unplanned down time or critical situations, thousands—if not millions—of dollars can be lost each day. Forgings For Asphalt Industry Equipment Quarry: crusher shafts, eccentrics, ring gears, bull gears Drum Mixers: tubes, hollows, gears, bearings Dryers: riding rings, cylinders Blowdown Drum Header: seamless tubes Counter-Flow Drum Mixers & Parallel-Flow Drum Mixers: support rollers, rings, gears Movable Bridges Each movable bridge has specialized features and unique mechanisms for movement. The most common movable bridges and their displacements types are: Bascule Bridge (Trunnion) Rolling Lift Bascule Bridge (Rolling Lift) Swing Bridge Retractile Bridge Vertical Lift Bridge A movable bridge, or moveable bridge, sometimes known as a drawbridge, is a bridge located on a navigable waterway that can temporarily move one or two spans to increase vertical clearance for vessels or traffic to pass underneath. Movable bridges help lower infrastructure costs by limiting high piers and long approaches. However, they have the principal disadvantage of traffic on the bridge is stopped when it is open for traffic passage underneath. Movable bridges may be located in marine environments, snow and ice zones, and carry heavy traffic loads. Forged Parts For Movable Bridges Shafts : Pinions, trunnions, floating shafts, crankshafts, tower sheave shafts, rope shafts, gudgeon pin, strut pin, link pin, diagonal fin Flats: Curved or flat racks, tracks and treads, lock bars (we can transition between round and rectangular cross-sections), receiving sockets, receiving shoes, guide housings Rings: Ring gear, hex sleeves and hex jam nuts, gudgeon collars Hubs: Sheave hub, trunnion hub, winch hub, pintles Torch Cut: Clevis, gudgeon links Organizations like the Army Corps of Engineers work to mitigate section loss in the bridge's structural components. Natural deterioration such as corrosion can lead to misalignment, bending or deformation in lock switches, open gears and the electrical systems found on movable bridges. Additionally, heavy loads and thermal expansion effects can lead to malfunctions in the operation of the bridge. Extensive Inventory and Forging Expertise At Scot Forge, our extensive material inventory, production capabilities and experienced technical support combine to help meet your most demanding requirements. Our technically trained account managers possess experience working to ASTM A668, ASTM A291 and other various AREMA , AASHTO and DOT requirements. We understand the importance of short lead times and breakdown services, too. Extensive Inventory & Forging Expertise At Scot Forge, our technically trained account managers are dedicated to helping you become the strongest link in the supply chain in our nation’s efforts to improve roads, bridges, public transit and rail transportation systems. We know that in periods of unplanned down time or critical situations, thousands—if not millions—of dollars can be lost each day. From the quarry to the kiln, Scot Forge delivers the metal components needed to keep your plant grinding. Cement Industry Forged Wear Parts Quarry : crusher shafts, eccentrics, ring gears, bull gears Raw Mill and Coal Mill: grinding rollers, shafts, pinions, gears, bearings Kiln : kiln tires, riding rings, kiln girth gears, support rollers Forged Finish Grinding Cement Parts Vertical Mills: shafts, pinions, gears Ball Mills: girth gears, pinion gears, trunnion bearings, trunnion rollers Reasons To Choose Scot Forge FAST DELIVERY AND BREAKDOWN SERVICES At Scot Forge, we understand the importance of on-time delivery. In critical circumstances, reduced lead times can be offered for breakdown and emergency orders in need of immediate production response. A VAST INVENTROY OF MATERIALS We maintain an extensive inventory of ferrous and non-ferrous materials commonly used for infrastructure applications. Along with our ability to certify grades of ASTM A291 and ASTM A668, this ready inventory eliminates many of the delays associated with order processing, allowing for shorter lead times and quick reaction to market changes. FLEXIBLE SIZES, SHAPES AND QUANTITIES No matter the grade of material or shape and size of the part, our facilities are designed to support both single-piece and high-volume manufacturing. Whether you need trunnions, pinions or rack/track segments, we will expertly certify your order under our accredited Quality Assurance Program. TECHNICAL SERVICES Our technically trained staff, backed by our metallurgical engineers and forging experts, can lend our experience and ensure delivery reliability. Our team has a complete understanding of DOT, Army Corps of Engineers and civil engineering specifications. QUESTIONS? CONTACT A FORGING EXPERT Scot Forge Difference At Scot Forge, we know the importance of getting your parts on-time, as expected. However, for customers new to procuring forgings, ordering a forging that will meet all specifications for end-use applications may be a challenge, which is why finding a trusted supplier and partner is essential. Our employee-owners are here to ensure your project stays on track with our forgings by offering: Forge Design & Engineering Guidance Finished Machining Options Metallurgical Review, NDE & Destructive Testing Forged Products We offer many size forgings in both standard and unique geometries to meet your needs. Complex Shapes Bars Step Shafts, Eccentric Shafts & Rotor Shafts Hollows Hubs & Tooled Forgings Semi-Closed Die Discs & Blanks Pro Tip - Did you know near-net shapes can save you time and money? Oftentimes, a customer calls to order a disc, which they will later machine down to a more shaped part. By working with our technically trained sales team, you can get your finished product shape as close as possible to optimize your production process. We can help you today! Name* Phone Number* Company* Email* State/Country* Comment/Request* File upload Upload File NOTE: Please do not upload sensitive documents. For a secure file transfer please call 800-435-6621. Submit

FORGING POWER GENERATION Future Of Energy - Forging In Motion Power generation equipment operates under extreme temperatures, pressures and cyclic loading conditions. Scot Forge manufactures open die forgings and seamless rolled rings designed to meet the demanding performance requirements of fossil, nuclear, hydro and renewable power systems. Our forgings deliver superior grain flow, strength and fatigue resistance for critical components where reliability is essential. With extensive metallurgical expertise and in-house testing capabilities, Scot Forge supports power generation OEMs and EPCs with custom forgings produced to exact specifications. From turbines and generators to pressure vessels and structural components, our forgings help extend service life and reduce risk in power generation environments. CONVENTIONAL ENERGY COMPONENTS RENEWABLE ENERGY COMPONENTS Power Generation Expertise The power generation industry is highly technical and requires forged parts that are robust and can endure prolonged exposure to extreme temperatures, wind, saltwater, environmental factors and various chemicals. Forged parts for the power generation industry are commonly manufactured through the open die forge process from stainless steel and different copper alloys. Find our forgings in: Nuclear - Used in critical applications for containment and storage Oil & Gas - Trusted to protect the environment Marine Propulsion - Relied upon for mission-essential functions Wind - Keeping offshore wind afloat Hydro - Turning in turbines in the emerging renewable markets Storage - Enabling better power distribution on the grid Power Generation Forged Parts Forged shapes for turbines, generators, compressors, gear boxes, heat exchangers and blowers: Forged shapes for turbines, generators, compressors, gear boxes, heat exchangers and blowers: Hollows: Reactor Pressure Vessels (RPVs), Boiling Water Reactors (BWRs) and Small Modular Reactors (SMR) Rings (Full/Segmented): Diaphragms, stators, spacers, retainers, motor ends, shear resistances, locks, seals, adapter or spherical seats, flanges and sleeves Shafts: Rotors, generators, turbines, suction/discharge end stubs, couplings, valve stems and fans Discs and Hubs: Covers, wheels, suction/discharge end caps, adapters, impellers, tube sheets and nozzles Complex Shapes: Bucket/fan blade stock and turbine blades Additional Shapes: Casings, spacers, centrifuge bowls, bearing blocks, shells and transition cones HISTORY OF FORGING & POWER GENERATION Generating electricity traces back to the Greeks, with significant milestones during the 1800s with the first wind turbine and variations of wires and magnets to create electrical currents. Then, with the commercialization of electrical production in the 19th Century, new methods to produce electricity came about. These methods include steam engines, which became widely used to provide electricity, including coal-fueled boilers that provided power to operate boats and trains; nuclear energy was beginning to emerge with the development of nuclear fission. As a result, electricity became more readily available, and public buildings and businesses could have electricity. Around 1965, we were using Nuclear, hydropower and Oil & Gas to produce power in addition to traditional biomass, such as wood or charcoal. From 1990 to today, power generation continues to be an evolving industry with wind, solar and modern biofuels coming onto the scene. As new technology and energy sources power our world, we at Scot Forge are prepared to support them. From large spindles for wind turbines to step shafts for two-pole generator forgings. We look forward to overcoming the challenges facing renewable energy, such as energy storage, and embracing the opportunities for innovation, such as small modular reactors or off-shore wind, as the power generation sector continues to grow. On-Time Delivery - Our Priority With a long history of working in the industry, we understand how crucial on-time delivery can be. The Scot Forge Power Generation Services Team is well-versed in the pre- and post-award requirements, from material-process plans to NDE procedures. We know the right steps to take in order to deliver your product on time. Emergency Response Our Power Generation Services Team knows that in times of unplanned outages or critical situations, thousands—if not millions—of dollars can be lost each day. As a result, we have established an emergency response program that allows for daily entry of breakdown and rush orders for immediate production response. A Vast Inventory of Materials We maintain an extensive inventory of ferrous and non-ferrous materials and can quickly provide vacuum degassed air melt, ESR or VAR for improved cleanliness levels. Our parts are supplied using the highest-quality material available. Power generation-specific materials include carbon, alloy, stainless steel, copper base, nickel base and custom-melt alloys that meet OEM specifications. Flexible Sizes, Shapes and Quantities No matter the grade of material or shape and size of the part, our facilities are designed to support both single-piece and high-volume manufacturing. Questions? Contact a Forging Expert Scot Forge Difference At Scot Forge, we know the importance of getting your parts on-time, as expected. However, for customers new to procuring forgings, ordering a forging that will meet all specifications for end-use applications may be a challenge, which is why finding a trusted supplier and partner is essential. Our employee-owners are here to ensure your project stays on track with our forgings by offering: Forge Design & Engineering Guidance Finished Machining Options Metallurgical Review, NDE & Destructive Testing Quality Assurance Scot Forge is proud to be ISO 9001:2015 and AS9100D certified , and our team is committed to providing outstanding customer satisfaction. Further pursuance of aerospace products has led to NADCAP accreditation in both Heat Treatment for nickel material and Nondestructive Testing. Every Scot Forge customer gets placed with a qualified team that will guide each nickel forging delivered from the inquiry stage to order placement, expediting and shipping. Forged Products We offer many size forgings in both standard and unique geometries to meet your needs. Complex Shapes Bars Step Shafts, Eccentric Shafts & Rotor Shafts Hollows Hubs & Tooled Forgings Semi-Closed Die Discs & Blanks We can help you today! 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SPECIFICATION REQUIREMENTS From Testing To End-Use Specifications Can Make Or Break Your Forging When it comes to material specifications, the best thing you can do is ask a lot of questions. What is the application? Are there drawings? Is testing needed? Will certifications be required? Forging Experts The title of the specification may not always be enough. It often helps to know the grade and the class within the specification that we must forge to. These details allow us to understand better the testing and heat treat requirements for your component to certify that your forging meets those requirements. Let us supplement your team to help forge and certify your components. Continue learning what else you need to know about your forging when requesting a quote in the links below. As a custom forge shop with experts in each industry, we hardly ever see two forgings that are the same. Just a few checklist items to consider when purchasing a forging are: Do you require heat treatment? What special testing do you need? Are you quoting as-forged, rough machined or finish machined? To what specifications do you need to certify? These are all great questions and really only scratch the surface of what you may need out of your forging. More often than not, if you're unfamiliar with the buying process or metal forming, this can be overwhelming. MECHANICAL & NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTING HEAT TREATMENT REQUIREMENTS Hardness Conversion & Alloy Charts To help you find the approximate hardness of steel using Brinell, Rockwell and Vickers scales, we have put together a conversion chart. These conversions are meant to provide you with guidance only as each scales uses different methods of measuring hardness. Downloadable Literature Material to help you discover more about forging from brochures and whitepapers to case studies, we are to provide you with the tool for success. Quantity Considerations It's not as simple as you may think! When working with large quantities, it helps to have a dedicated account manager who understands the cadence required to keep your shop or projects running smoothly. Our technically trained team can help you save time and money by appropriately batching work either for material or thermal treatment purposes. Scot Forge Difference At Scot Forge, we know the importance of getting your parts on-time, as expected. However, for customers new to procuring forgings, ordering a forging that will meet all specifications for end-use applications may be a challenge, which is why finding a trusted supplier and partner is essential. Our employee-owners are here to ensure your project stays on track with our forgings by offering: Forge Design & Engineering Guidance Finished Machining Options Metallurgical Review, NDE & Destructive Testing Quality Assurance Scot Forge is proud to be ISO 9001:2015 and AS9100D certified , and our team is committed to providing outstanding customer satisfaction. Further pursuance of aerospace products has led to NADCAP accreditation in both Heat Treatment for nickel material and Nondestructive Testing. Every Scot Forge customer gets placed with a qualified team that will guide each nickel forging delivered from the inquiry stage to order placement, expediting and shipping. Forged Products We offer many size forgings in both standard and unique geometries to meet your needs. Complex Shapes Bars Step Shafts, Eccentric Shafts & Rotor Shafts Hollows Hubs & Tooled Forgings Semi-Closed Die Discs & Blanks We can help you today! Name* Phone Number* Company* Email* State/Country* Comment/Request* File upload Upload File NOTE: Please do not upload sensitive documents. For a secure file transfer please call 800-435-6621. Submit

U.S. FORGE CAPACITy Ensuring National Security & Supporting the AUKUS Agreement A robust and self-sufficient industrial base is paramount to supporting the needs of the nation, and at Scot Forge, we have the capacity to serve the Navy's aggressive build schedule as that need increases. We are a leader in the forging industry and a critical supplier to the Department of Defense (DoD); we know that ensuring the available capacity to support the future needs of the DoD and its collaborative efforts with allies is critical. The Power of Forge Capacity Scot Forge has the ability to scale quickly, expanding our current forge capacity 10X to meet the needs of the DoD. This is a huge advantage for U.S. manufacturing as the nation continues to invest in and advance its industrial base, helping the U.S. meet the Department of Defense's needs and contribute to its allies' collective security on the global stage. Investing in the Future Recognizing the importance of forge capacity, Scot Forge continues to invest in facilities, research, development and innovation within the industrial sector. Our ongoing efforts focus on enhancing manufacturing techniques, advancing materials science and fostering a skilled workforce. These investments not only ensure the sustainability of the defense industrial base but also contribute to economic growth and technological leadership. Forgings For National Security AUKUS Agreement & Collaborative Strength The AUKUS agreement, comprising the United States, United Kingdom and Australia, represents a groundbreaking collaboration in defense and security. Central to this alliance is the sharing of technological expertise and manufacturing capabilities. The U.S.'s forging capacity becomes a key asset, enabling the production of cutting-edge defense technologies that benefit all three nations. This collaboration strengthens the collective defense capabilities of the AUKUS partners, fostering a more secure geopolitical landscape. Strategic Implications The strategic implications of a robust forge capacity extend beyond domestic security. By meeting the defense needs of both the U.S. and its allies, the nation establishes itself as a reliable partner in global security initiatives. This not only enhances diplomatic relations but also reinforces the United States’ role as a stabilizing force in international affairs. Forging and Beyond Forging just scratches the surface of what our nation needs to maintain defense capabilities. We have also made significant investments toward increasing our downstream complementary processes, such as: Heat Treatment Machining Destructive Testing Nondestructive Testing Forging + Additive We can help you today! Name* Phone Number* Company* Email* State/Country* Comment/Request* File upload Upload File NOTE: Please do not upload sensitive documents. For a secure file transfer please call 800-435-6621. Submit

Literature Thank You For Your Interest In Forging Thank you for your interest in Scot Forge. Please use the links below to download everything from brochures to value cases. Need personalized help? We’re always a quick phone call away . Downloadable Literature Title Category Forging Takes Flight - Space Travel is Redefined Aerospace NASA's Curiosity Lands on Mars. Scot Forge Provides Traction Aerospace Scot Forge: NASA's Spaceflight Partner Aerospace Steel Bars Combine Forging and Rolling Bars Forging Raises the Bar on Magnesium Die Casting Casting & Conversions Unusual Shaped Forging Breaks Ground - Literally Casting & Conversions Raising the Roof in A Fault Zone Complex Forged Shapes ABS Certified Forging Facility Facilities New State of the Art 90MN Press for North American Foragemasters Forging Presses Capabilities brochure General Literature Forging Solutions brochure General Literature Scot Forge Difference At Scot Forge, we know the importance of getting your parts on-time, as expected. However, for customers new to procuring forgings, ordering a forging that will meet all specifications for end-use applications may be a challenge, which is why finding a trusted supplier and partner is essential. Our employee-owners are here to ensure your project stays on track with our forgings by offering: Forge Design & Engineering Guidance Finished Machining Options Metallurgical Review, NDE & Destructive Testing Forged Products We offer many size forgings in both standard and unique geometries to meet your needs. Complex Shapes Bars Step Shafts, Eccentric Shafts & Rotor Shafts Hollows Hubs & Tooled Forgings Semi-Closed Die Discs & Blanks Pro Tip - Did you know near-net shapes can save you time and money? Oftentimes, a customer calls to order a disc, which they will later machine down to a more shaped part. By working with our technically trained sales team, you can get your finished product shape as close as possible to optimize your production process. We can help you today! Name* Phone Number* Company* Email* State/Country* Comment/Request* File upload Upload File NOTE: Please do not upload sensitive documents. For a secure file transfer please call 800-435-6621. Submit

PRESSURE VESSEL EQUIPMENT FORGINGS Why Forged ASME Pressure Vessels Components? Pressure vessels are integral to many manufacturing facilities and processing plants, from industrial boilers to gasoline tankers. Pressure vessels operate in potentially hazardous environments and safely store pressurized liquids and gases. However, pressure vessels can be dangerous if not correctly designed, manufactured and maintained. At Scot Forge, we understand the critical nature of your parts. We know that failure is not an option, which is why we strive to act as an extension of your team to find the most effective, cost-efficient manufacturing methods to get you forgings you can rely on, on time. As a result, our pressure vessels components can be found in gas plants, refineries, power plants, chemical plants, space launch facilities, offshore platforms and numerous industrial applications. FORGING FOR PROFIT OPTIMIZATION MACHINING & FINISHING CAPABILITIES Forging for ASME Boiler Pressure Vessel Code A pressure vessel is fabricated, requiring forging, rolling and welding metal. If your team requires the integrity of forgings and needs a true partner specializing in one-piece shapes such as spheres, cylinders, cones and more, the Scot Forge employee-owners are here to help. We have the industry experts in-house, from forge engineers to metallurgists, who even help write the ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers) industry standards for forgings. These ASME experts on staff ensure your pressure vessels meet ASME BPVC (Boiler Pressure Vessel Code) Section VIII from material cleanliness to final inspection. ASME BPVC Section VIII Division 1 for a design-by-rule approach ASME BPVC Section VIII Division 2 for a design-by-analysis approach. ASME BPVC Section VIII Division 3 for pressure vessels that require internal or external operating at a pressure above 10,000 PSI. To meet the requirements specified on your purchase agreement and ensure the reliability of your pressure vessel components, we offer ultrasonic testing, magnetic particle testing and liquid penetrant testing and, if needed, destructive testing options. Common Pressure Vessel ASME Specifications A266/A266M - Carbon Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessel Components A288 -Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Magnetic Retaining Rings for Turbine Generators A372/A372M - Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Thin-Walled Pressure Vessels A541/A541M - Quenched and Tempered Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessel Components A765/A765M - Carbon Steel and Low-Alloy Steel Pressure-Vessel-Component Forgings with Mandatory Toughness Requirements A859/A859M - Age-Hardening Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessel Components A1049/A1049M - Stainless Steel Forgings, Ferritic/Austenitic (Duplex), for Pressure Vessels and Related Components Types of Pressure Vessels Pressure vessels are enclosed containers that hold or store liquids, vapors or gases under pressure significantly higher or lower than the pressure outside the container. Many pressure vessels are in use worldwide, but the three most common are storage vessels, heat exchangers and process vessels. Process Vessels Process vessels work to accomplish a task such as separation, heating, cooling, purification, blending and more. These versatile pressure vessels are often part of a production process line, where different tanks are used together to process a product. Types of Pressure Vessels Cylindrical Pressure Vessels Spherical Pressure Vessels Horizontal Pressure Vessels Vertical Pressure Vessels Heat Exchangers Heat exchangers enable the exchange of energy through heat without direct contact. For example, heat exchangers are often used to salvage heat from waste gases in waste processing facilities. Generally, this system contains a series of metal tubes, where one product flows through these tubes while a second product flows around the tubes, transferring heat from one product to another. Storage Vessels Many products require pressure to be stored appropriately, including propane, ammonia, butane, chlorine and LPG and storage pressure vessels are uniquely designed to accommodate each specific product type and temperature. Reasons to Choose Scot Forge Scot Forge has material for pressure vessels on the floor, ready to forge into the parts your design calls for, such as shells, cones (reducers), repads, skids, saddle supports, base rings, internals and more. Helping you create production equipment, compression equipment, separators, reactors, dehydrators, scrubbers and towers. Forging Capabilities Combined with Value Engineering We can develop near-net shaped solutions to meet your drawing requirements. Our vast forging capabilities enable us to reduce forged section sizes and improve mechanical properties. Fast Quotes and Personalized Service We understand your need for a supplier with expert knowledge of your industry and your specific component requirements. Our knowledgeable technical sales team is ready to consult with you and provide fast quotes based on your needs. We strive to assist you in meeting your design challenges and program objectives with clear communications from order status to milestone achievements. On-time Delivery During a rebuild, you never know what you may find. We have a fully staffed department dedicated to tracking and maintaining high on-time delivery performance. In crucial circumstances, reduced lead times can be offered for breakdown and emergency orders in need of immediate production response to get items out of the critical path. Questions? Contact a Forging Expert Scot Forge Difference At Scot Forge, we know the importance of getting your parts on-time, as expected. However, for customers new to procuring forgings, ordering a forging that will meet all specifications for end-use applications may be a challenge, which is why finding a trusted supplier and partner is essential. Our employee-owners are here to ensure your project stays on track with our forgings by offering: Forge Design & Engineering Guidance Finished Machining Options Metallurgical Review, NDE & Destructive Testing Forged Products We offer many size forgings in both standard and unique geometries to meet your needs. Complex Shapes Bars Step Shafts, Eccentric Shafts & Rotor Shafts Hollows Hubs & Tooled Forgings Semi-Closed Die Discs & Blanks Pro Tip - Did you know near-net shapes can save you time and money? Oftentimes, a customer calls to order a disc, which they will later machine down to a more shaped part. By working with our technically trained sales team, you can get your finished product shape as close as possible to optimize your production process. We can help you today! Name* Phone Number* Company* Email* State/Country* Comment/Request* File upload Upload File NOTE: Please do not upload sensitive documents. For a secure file transfer please call 800-435-6621. Submit

OUR EXPERTS ARE STANDING BY TO DISCUSS YOUR FORGING NEEDS Contact Us 1-800-435-6621 Contact Us 1-800-435-6621 Spring Grove 8001 Winn Rd. Spring Grove, IL 60081, USA Hours: M-F 8 am - 5 pm Sat 8 am - 12 pm Phone: 800-435-6621 Shipping Hours: 8 am - 10 pm Clinton 105 Scot Dr. Clinton, WI 53525, USA Hours: M-F 8 am - 5 pm Phone: 608-676-2288 Shipping Hours: 6 am - 10 pm Franklin Park 9394 Belmont Ave. Franklin Park, IL 60131, USA Hours: M-F 8 am - 5 pm Phone: 847-678-6000 Shipping Hours: 7 am - 7 pm Spring Grove 8001 Winn Rd. Spring Grove, IL 60081, USA Hours: M-F 8 am - 5 pm Sat 8 am - 12 pm Phone: 800-435-6621 Shipping Hours: 8 am - 10 pm Clinton 105 Scot Dr. Clinton, WI 53525, USA Hours: M-F 8 am - 5 pm Phone: 608-676-2288 Shipping Hours: 6 am - 10 pm Franklin Park 9394 Belmont Ave. Franklin Park, IL 60131, USA Hours: M-F 8 am - 5 pm Phone: 847-678-6000 Shipping Hours: 7 am - 7 pm We can help you today! Name* Phone Number* Company* Email* State/Country* Comment/Request* File upload Upload File NOTE: Please do not upload sensitive documents. For a secure file transfer please call 800-435-6621. Submit

Seamless Rolled Ring Forging Process Forging Efficient Seamless Rolled Rings The production of seamless forged rings is often performed by a process called ring rolling on rolling mills. These mills vary in size to produce forged rings with outside diameters of just a few inches to over 300 inches and in weights from a single pound up to over 300,000 pounds. What is Rolled Ring Forging? The ring rolling process starts with a circular preform of metal that has been previously upset and pierced (using the open die forging process ) to form a hollow “doughnut.” This doughnut is heated above the recrystallization temperature and placed over the idler or mandrel roll. This idler roll then moves under pressure toward a drive roll that continuously rotates to reduce the wall thickness, thereby increasing the diameters (I.D. and O.D.) of the resulting ring. Seamless rolled rings can be produced in configurations ranging from flat, washer-like parts to tall, cylindrical shapes, with heights ranging from less than an inch to more than 9 feet. Wall thickness to height ratios of rings typically range from 1:16 up to 16:1, although greater proportions can be achieved with special processing. The simplest and most commonly used shape is a rectangular cross-section ring, but shaped tooling can be used to produce seamless rolled rings in complex, custom shapes with contours on the inside and/or outside diameters. Producing a ring "preform" by the open die forging process: 1. STARTING STOCK FIRST ROUNDED, THEN UPSET Starting stock cut to size by weight is first rounded, then upset to achieve structural integrity and directional grain flow. 2. WORKPIECE IS PUNCHED, THEN PIERCED Workpiece is punched, then pierced to achieve starting “doughnut” shape needed for ring rolling process. 3. READY FOR PLACEMENT ON RING MILL FOR ROLLING Completed preform is ready for placement on ring mill for rolling. Rolled ring forging process: 4. RING ROLLING PROCESS BEGINS WITH THE IDLER ROLL Ring rolling process begins with the idler roll applying pressure to the preform against the drive roll. 5. RING DIAMETERS ARE INCREASED Ring diameters are increased as the continuous pressure reduces the wall thickness. The axial rolls control the height of the ring as it is being rolled. 6. DESIRED SIZE IS ACHIEVED The process continues until the desired size is achieved. Scot Forge Difference At Scot Forge, we know the importance of getting your parts on-time, as expected. However, for customers new to procuring forgings, ordering a forging that will meet all specifications for end-use applications may be a challenge, which is why finding a trusted supplier and partner is essential. Our employee-owners are here to ensure your project stays on track with our forgings by offering: Forge Design & Engineering Guidance Finished Machining Options Metallurgical Review, NDE & Destructive Testing Forged Products We offer many size forgings in both standard and unique geometries to meet your needs. Complex Shapes Bars Step Shafts, Eccentric Shafts & Rotor Shafts Hollows Hubs & Tooled Forgings Semi-Closed Die Discs & Blanks Pro Tip - Did you know near-net shapes can save you time and money? Oftentimes, a customer calls to order a disc, which they will later machine down to a more shaped part. By working with our technically trained sales team, you can get your finished product shape as close as possible to optimize your production process. We can help you today! Name* Phone Number* Company* Email* State/Country* Comment/Request* File upload Upload File NOTE: Please do not upload sensitive documents. For a secure file transfer please call 800-435-6621. Submit